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6．词语搭配和习惯用法
词语搭配和习惯表达不言而喻是一种固定的搭配或惯用形式,是人们在长期的语言实践中普遍习惯使用而约定俗成的表达方式。
例如：It rained heavily. 雨下得很大。我们用 heavily 来修饰 rain ，而不用 largely或greatly.
测试搭配即是在测试中保留搭配中的一部分填另一部分。英语中的词语搭配主要分成以下几种：
1）. 动词+介词
这是最常见的一种搭配形式，相同的动词可以与不同的介词搭配形成不同含义的固定短语，例如：动词stand和不同的介词搭配形成：stand by（支持），stand for（忍受）， stand over（监督）等。同样，相同的介词也可以与不同的动词形成不同意义的搭配，例如介词for的搭配形式：ask for （要求得到）, call for（邀约）, run for（竞选成为…）等。
与考查动词短语的题目不同的是，动词短语题考查的是考生对选项中各个短语意义和用法的掌握，而搭配题是指在测试中保留动词填介词，或保留介词填动词。
2.） 动词+名词
动词和名词的搭配是英语学习中数量最多，最难掌握的一类，中国学生容易受中文的影响，导致错误选择。
3.） 形容词+介词
常见的形容词和介词的搭配有：
(a) be + adj.+ about
例如：angry, anxious, careful, careless, certain, concerned, crazy, curious, excited, glad, hopeful, knowledgeable, nervous, particular, pleased, sick, sorry, undecided, worried, etc.
(b) be + adj.+ for
例如：anxious, available, accountable(有义务的）, bad, competent, eager, eligible(合格的), essential, famous, fit, good, grateful, greedy, hungry, impatient, important, liable, necessary, perfect, qualified, greedy, remarkable, renowned (有名的）, responsible, scheduled, sick, suitable, suited, thankful, thirsty, unfit, vital, well-known, best known, watchful, etc.
(c) be + adj.+ at -------
例如：amazed, annoyed, astonished, bad, better, clever, delighted, dismayed, furious, good, incompetent, overjoyed, poor, quick, sick, shocked, skillful, struck, slow, surprised, terrible, etc.
(d) be + adj.+ in
例如：absorbed, abundant, accurate, active, caught up, confident, deceived, deficient (缺乏的), disappointed, dressed, engaged, employed, experienced, fortunate, generous, honest, high, interested, involved, lost, occupied, plentiful, proficient, prompt, rich, strong, successful, wanting(缺少的),weak, etc.
(e) be + adj.+ of----
例如：afraid, ashamed, aware, born, capable, careful, careless, clear, confident, conscious, critical（吹毛求疵的）, doubtful, envious, expressive, fearful, fond, frightened, full, hopeful, ignorant（不知道的，没注意的）, independent, innocent（无辜的）, jealous, proud, sensible（可觉察的）, sure, symbolic, thoughtful（体贴的）, uncertain, unconscious, etc.
(f) be + adj.+ to
例如：accustomed（习惯的）, acceptable（适合的）, advantageous, anterior, agreeable（令人愉快的）, alike, alive, applicable（适用的）, attached（爱慕的，爱惜的）, attentive, awarded, beneficial, blind, close, comprehensible, committed（承担义务的）, common, comparable, contrary, convenient, cruel, devoted, dangerous, deaf, disadvantageous, dissimilar, engaged, equal, equivalent（等同的）, essential, exposed, inclined, indifferent（漠然的）, inferior, junior, prior, incurious, insensible, insensitive, kind, liable（易于…的）, married, necessary, opposed, opposite, parallel, peculiar（独特的）, polite, preferable（更好的）, related（有关的）, resistant, rude, senior, sick, similar, superior, used, unaccustomed, useful, true, etc.
(g) be + adj.+ with
例如：acquainted, associate, bored, angry, busy, concerned, comparable, consistent, correspondent, inconsistent, delighted, done, content, discontented, fed up, familiar, free, friendly, generous, identical, impressed, overcome, pleased, satisfied, severe, sick, stem, seized, struck, troubled, thick, wrong, etc.
4.） 名词+介词
常见的名词与介词的搭配有：
(a) n. + for
例如：admiration, affection（感情）, absence, appetite, attraction, blame（责备）, care, contempt（轻视）,cause, foundation, gift（天赋）, demand, desire（欲望）, evidence, excuse（借口）, fancy（迷恋）, explanation, love, necessity, match（对手）, need, passion（ 激情）, plan, protection, preparation, preference（偏爱）, relief（救济）, reputation, recovery, reason, responsibility, substitute（替代）, solution, sympathy（同情）, shelter, suggestion, selection, separation, talent, taste, regard（顾及）, etc.
(b)n. + in
例如：arrival, harm, belief（信念）, hurry, confidence（自信）, interest, participation（参与）, lack, pleasure, pride, role（作用）, delight, difficulty, error, skill, expression（表情）, specialist, expert, trouble, faith（信仰）, trust, improvement, etc.
(c) n. + of
例如：abundance（ 充裕）, addition, appreciation（欣赏）, correction, criticism（批评）, charge（收费）, consequence（后果）, constitution（组成）, deficiency, dislike, disposal（处理）, distribution（分配）, description（描述）, excellence, enough, explanation, expression, ignorance（无知）, intention, inspection, lack, plenty, probability, possibility, proportion（比例）, representation（代表）, shortage（缺乏）, opportunity, way, wealth, etc.
(d) n. + on
例如：advice, attack, authority（权威）, book, comment（评论）, control, dependency（从属）, duty, expert, effort, emphasis, impression, independence, influence, information, lecture, mercy（怜悯）, operation, opinion, outlook（观点）, report, reflection（思考，批评）, research, pressure, programme, question, stress（强调）, study, suggestion, theory, view, etc.
(e)n. + to
例如：access（进入，通路）,approach（靠近）, appeal（呼吁）, assistance（帮助）, approval, attribution（属性）, adherence（坚持）, admission（允许进入）, admittance, alternation（选择）, answer, danger, dedication（奉献）, devotion ，exposure, entrance（入口）,invitation, introduction, immunity（免除，免疫力）, incentive（刺激，激励）, hostility（敌意）, key（答案，关键）， limit, objection, opposition, point（要点）, reference, response, solution, reflection（反省）, relation, etc.
(f)n. + with
例如：agreement (一致)，alliance (联盟)，appointment (约会)，combination , communication (通讯)，company , concern , connection , (in) conversation , (in) cooperation (合作)，（in）disagreement , friend , (in) harmony (协调)，(fall in) love , interference (干涉)，patience , talk ,trouble , etc.
(g) n. + against
例如：accusation (告发)，battle , defense , protection , shield , warm ,etc.
(h) n. + from
例如：absence , selection , protection , separation , recovery , relief (解脱), shelter , retirement , translation ,etc.
其中一些名词与介词的搭配，与名词相应的形容词搭配有关。如：
aware of →awareness of对…的知晓
absent from →absence from不在场
angry at / about→anger at / about对…生气
anxious about / over→anxiety about / over对…焦虑
certain of / about →certainty of / about对…肯定
curious about →curiosity about对…好奇
different from →difference from与…的区别
interested in →interest in对…的兴趣
obliged to →obligation to
rely on →reliance on对…的依靠
在做这类试题时，应首先考虑，选项中那一个词与空格前后的词语形成固定搭配，要认真分析，再作出选择。如果选项中的各项均可与空格前后的词语形成常用搭配，则应根据句子的意思判断，哪种搭配符合句子的逻辑含义，逐一排除。无论哪种情况，选好答案之后，不妨把它放入句中，完整地理解句意，分析语句是否通顺，逻辑概念是否合理，语法是否正确，做到准确无误。
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