| （点击右键“另存为”可下载语音）
北京师范大学外语学院 范民
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension(20 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
1. A) At the department store.
B) At the office.
C) In the restaurant.
D) In the drug store.
2. A) He is upset.
B) He is disappointed.
C) He is confident.
D) He is worried.
3. A) It’s too high.
B) It’s acceptable.
C) It’s cheap indeed.
D) The woman should have bargained for it.
4. A) At two o’clock.
B) At three o’clock.
C) At four o’clock.
D) At five o’clock.
5. A) Shop assistant and customer.
B) Post clerk and customer.
C) Store keeper and customer.
D) Waitress and customer.
6. A) To park the car.
B) To take pictures.
C) To take her to the park.
D) To have a look at the sight.
7. A) His girlfriend complained of his going to the party without her.
B) He was together with her girlfriend yesterday.
C) He has been busy dating his girlfriend these days.
D) He brought his girlfriend to the party.
8. A) She regretted having bought the second-hand car.
B) It is unnecessary to rent another house.
C) They should sell their second-hand car and buy a new one.
D) They can afford a second-hand car.
9. A) She loves the film too.
B) She doesn’t think much of the film.
C) She asks the man to repeat his words.
D) It’s not as good as she expected.
10. A) Go outing with his wife.
B) Work for extra hours.
C) Stay at home with his wife.
D) Go outing with his boss.
Section B Compound Dictation
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. Then listen to the passage again. When the passage is read for the second time,
you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered S8 to S10 you are required to fill in missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
The lack of persistence is the reason most people fail in attaining their goals. Many organizational analysts and (S1) ____ consultants consider persistence to be the (S2) ____ key to success at both the organizational and (S3) ____ level.
Success (S4) ____ comes easily on the first try. What (S5) ____ the successful from the unsuccessful is persistence. Successful people also fail (S6) ____ but they do not let their failures (S7) ____ their spirit. (S8) __________. And again. And again. Until they succeed. (S9)_______, usually passing the blame on to someone or something else, and learn nothing from their experience other than perfecting their scapegoating techniques. Successful people expect periodic defeats, learn what went wrong and why, don’t waste time looking f
or someone to blame, make necessary adjustments, and try again. (S10) _______. If you are not persistent, you will almost certainly fail.
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are four reading passages in this part.
Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Classified advertising is that advertising which is grouped in certain sections of the paper and is thus distinguished from display advertising. Such groupings as “Help Wanted”, “Real Estate”, “Lost and Found” are made, the rate charged being less than for display advertising. Classified advertisements are a convenience to the reader and a saving to the advertiser. The reader who is interested in a particular kind of advertisement finds all advertisements of that type grouped for him.
The advertisers may, on this account, use a very small advertisement that would be lost if it were placed among larger advertisements in the paper. It is evident that the reader approaches the classified advertisement in a different frame of mind from that in which he approaches the other advertisements in the paper. He turns to a page of classified advertisements to search for the particular advertisement that will meet his needs. As his attention is voluntary, the advertiser does not need to rely too much extent on display type to get the reader’s attention. Formerly all classified advertisements were of the same size and did not have display type. With the increase in the number of such advertisements, however, each advertiser within a certain group is competing with others in the same group for the reader’s attention. In many cases,the result has been an increase in the size of the space used and the addition of headlines and pictures. In that way,the classified advertisement has in reality become a display advertisement. This is particularly true of real estate advertising.
21. All of the following facts are advantages of classified advertisement for advertisers EXCEPT that ____.
A) classified advertisement charges less money
B) it is easier to attract the attention of the target consumers
C) it provides more information for the readers
D) it does not have to rely too much on display type
22. One of the examples given of types of classified advertisement is ____.
A) houses for sale
B) people who are asking for help
C) people who are lost
D) job vacancies
23．What sort of attitude do people have when they look at classified advertisement, according to the writer?
A) They are in the frame of mind to buy anything.
B) They are looking for something they need.
C) They feel lost because there are so many advertisements.
D) They feel the same as when they look at display advertisements.
24．According to the passage, in which way have the classified advertisements changed nowadays?
A) They depend more on display type.
B) More money is charged for them.
C) They are divided into more groups.
D) They are less formal.
25．Why have classified advertisements changed in appearance?
A) Because people no longer want headlines and pictures.
B) Because real estate advertising is particularly truthful now.
C) Because the increase in the number of such advertisements means they have to be small now.
D) Because there are more advertisements now and more competition among advertisers.
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Psychologists now believe that noise has a considerable effect on people’s attitudes and behaviors. Experiments have proved that in noisy situations (even temporary ones), people behave more irritably and less cooperatively; in more permanent noisy situations, many people can not work hard, and they suffer from severe anxiety as well as other psychological problems. However, psychologists distinguish between “sound” and “noise”. “Sound” is measured physically in decibels. “Noise” cannot be measured in the same way because it refers to the psychological effect of sound and its level of “intensity” depends on the situation. Thus, for passengers at an airport who expect to hear airplanes taking off and landing, there may be a lot of sound, but not much noise (that is, they are not bothered by the noise). By contrast, if you are at a concert and two people behind you are whispering, you feel they are talking noisily even if there is not much sound. You notice the noise because it affects you psychologically. Both sound and noise can have negative effects, but what is most important is if the person has control over the sound. People walking down the street with earphones, listening to music that they enjoy, are receiving a lot of decibels of sound, but they are probably happy hearing sounds which they control. On the other hand, people in the street without earphones must tolerate a lot of noise which they have no control over. It is noise pollution that we need to control in order to help people live more happily.
26．According to the passage, people ____
A) can not work in a noisy situation
B) will suffer from complete deafness because of noise pollution
C) can be psychologically affected by working in very noisy factories
D) may cooperate well in a noisy surrounding
27．“Sound”, as defined by the psychologists, ____.
A) can be measured in the same way that “noise” is measured
B) may be extremely harmful to health
C) is not at all different from “noise”
D) can be measured by machines
28．The intensity of noise can be measured by ____.
A) its effect on people’s hearing
B) its decibel
C) how much it affects people psychologically
D) how long it lasts
29．According to the passage, which of the following is sound rather thannoise?
A) A couple’s whisper behind you in the cinema.
B) The snore of your roommate.
C) The loud motor-horn in the street.
D) The sound of airplanes taking off and landing when you are waiting to board plane.
30．We can conclude from the passage that we need to control noise pollution if ____.
A) we want to stay both psychologically and physically healthy
B) we want to have better control over ourselves
C) we want to cooperate well
D) we don’t want to be anxious
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to old cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Some other researchers who study various aspects of mental life, maintain those rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary rewards sparks in grade-school children suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal Personality and Social Psychology.
“If they know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Esenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it’s easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.”
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Esenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore falling grades.
In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economics, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.
31. Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward ____.
A) the choice between spiritual encouragement and monetary rewards
B) the appropriate amount of external rewards
C) the study of relationship between actions and their consequences
D) the effects of external rewards on students’ performance
32. What is the view held by many educators concerning external rewards for students?
A) They approve of external rewards.
B) They don’t think external rewards make any difference.
C) They have doubts about external rewards.
D) They believe external rewards can motivate small children, but not college students.
33. According to the result of the study mentioned in the passage, what should educators do to stimulate motivation and creativity?
A) Give rewards for performances which deserve them.
B) Always promise rewards.
C) Assign tasks which are not very challenging.
D) Be more lenient to students when mistakes are made.
34．It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they believe ____.
A) rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity of students’
B) punishment is more effective than rewarding
C) failing uninspired students helps improve their overall academic standards
D) discouraging the students anticipation for easy rewards is matter of urgency
35．Which of the following facts about “token economics” is not correct?
A) Students are assigned challenging tasks.
B) Rewards are given for good performances.
C) Students are evaluated according to the effort they put into the task.
D) With token economics, students’ creativity can be enhanced.
Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer’s claims, the first step is to present the warranty, or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.
A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the “higher up” the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer’s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.
Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.
Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than “This stereo does not work”.
The store manager may advice the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and firmly as possible. If a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go to a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumer’s rights.
36. When a consumer finds that his or her purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he or she should do is to ____.
A) complain personally to the manager
B) threaten to take the matter to court
C) write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase
D) show some written proof of the purchase to the store
37. How can a consumer make his or her complaint more effective, according to the passage?
A) Explain exactly what is wrong with the item.
B) Threaten to take the seller to court.
C) Make polite and general statements about the problem.
D) Avoid having direct contact with the store manager.
38．According to the passage, which of the following is suggested as the last alternative that consumers may turn to?
A) Complain to the store manager in person.
B) Complain to the manufacturer.
C) Write a complaint letter to the manager.
D) Turn to the Consumers’ Rights Protection Organization for help.
39．The phrase “live up to” in this context means ____.
A) meet the standard of
B) realize the purpose of
C) fulfill the demands of
D) keep the promise of
40．The passage tells us ____.
A) how to settle a consumer’s complaint about a faulty item
B) how to make an effective complaint about a faulty item
C) how to avoid buying a faulty item
D) how to deal with complaints from customers
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure(20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
41. There was a large crowd of demonstrators ____ against the war.
A) protecting B) preserving
C) protesting D) prosecuting
42. I’m afraid I will have to ____her invitation to the party.
A) refuse B) refute
C) ignore D) decline
43. The coat I bought yesterday is not expensive at all. As a matter of fact, I would gladly have paid ____ for it.
A) as much twice
B) much as twice
C) as twice much
D) twice as much
44. He can’t start the car because the battery has ____.
A) run up B) run down
C) run over D) run off
45. Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion, for we need to have factual knowledge ____ our thinking.
A) upon which to base
B) which to base upon
C) which to be based on
D) to base on which
46. This design is ____ that one.
A) more superior to
B) far superior than
C) more superior than
D) far superior to
47. I wondered what her ____ to the news would be.
A) impression B) reaction
C) comment D) opinion
48. She shouldn’t have stood in a queue; she ____ her underground ticket
from the machine.
A) has got B) must have got
C) could have got D) got
49. Don’t worry. ____ that you will be treated equally.
A) I’ll look forward to it
B) I’ll try my utmost
C) I’ll be on the alert
D) I’ll see to it
50. The workers agreed to ____ the strike if the company would satisfy their demand.
A) call off B) call out
C) call to D) call on
51. I’d rather you ____ so rudely to her.
A) don’t speak B) won’t speak
C) should not speak D) didn’t speak
52. Today many kinds of electrical ____ are available, which has made housework much easier than before.
A) facilities B) appliances
C) instruments D) equipment
53. The author is going to ____ his play for television.
A) add B) adopt
C) adapt D)adjust
54. ____ for your help, I’d never have been able to achieve such a success.
A) If I had not been
B) Had it not been
C) If it were not
D) Had it not
55. With all its advantages, the computer is by no means without its ____.
A) boundaries B) limitations
C) confinements D) restraints
56. I’m afraid I can’t ____ you ____; you’ll have to go to a hotel.
A) put ...up B) pick ... up
C) pull ... up D) wake ... up
57. The guests said that they wouldn’t mind ____.
A) to have a little light music
B) having a little light music
C) have a little light music
D) if they have a little light music
58. Although this area is very poor just now, its ____ wealth is great.
A) previous B) profound
C) potential D) primary
59. He ran quickly to the classroom, two books ____ under his arm.
A) to be hold B) held
C) were held D) holding
60. We must try our best to lower the cost of our products. Otherwise the high cost will ____ our profit.
A) cut off B) cut in
C) cut short D) cut into
61. Tom is not very clever, but he is the most ____ pupil in the class.
A) industrious B) indulgent
C) industrial D) indifferent
62. No sooner had he arrived home ____ he was asked to start another journey.
A) when B) than
C) then D) until
63. Young children easily ____ words that their parents frequently use.
A) put up B) turn up C) bring up D) pick up
64. Only when you have obtained all the information about it ____ come to a sound judgment.
A) you can B) you will
C) would you D) can you
65. American women were ____ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.
A) ignored B) neglected
C) denied D) refused
66. All ____ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.
A) what is needed
B) the thing needed
C) which is needed
D) that is needed
67. The factory has ____several workers because of the drop in sales.
A) laid off B) laid out
C) laid aside D) laid down
68. There were no tickets ____ for Friday’s performance.
A) applicable B) approachable
C) attainable D) available
69. There was a traffic jam; otherwise I ____ here on time.
A) would be B) had been
C) should be D) would have been
70. If you don’t work hard, you are bound to fall behind others, ____ smart you might be.
A) whatever B) though
C) whatsoever D) however
Part Ⅳ Short Answer Questions(15 minutes)
Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age.
People will be alert and receptive if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in. And someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind.
Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting the theory to work in their own lives. “The idea is not necessary to learn to memorize enormous amounts of information,” says James Fozard, associate director of the National Institute on Aging. “Most of us don’t need that kind of skill. Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness.” Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with different mental skills, both because they enjoy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the way their brains work.
Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical activities individually as well as in groups. Cohen says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well. Those who do are more likely to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally happier and better adjusted. “The point is, you need to do both,” Cohen says. “Intellectual activity actually influences brain-cell health and size.”
Questions: (注意：答题尽量简短，超过10个词要扣分)。
S1． What is the passage mainly about?
__________________________________
S2． In what areas will the brain act more actively when people are mentally engaged?
__________________________________
S3． What kind of people are more cognitively healthy?
__________________________________
S4． According to Fozard’s view, how can people make their brains work more efficiently?
__________________________________
S5． What does Cohen advise older people to do?
__________________________________
Part Ⅴ Writing(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Social Practice. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline below.
1. 参与社会实践对学生的种种好处；
2. 参与社会实践所带来的问题；
3. 我的看法。
答案部分
听力原文
Section A
1. W: Good evening, sir. Here is the menu. Would you like to order now?
M: Yes, but I’m in a rush. Can I be served and out of here in half an hour?
Q: Where are the speakers?
2. W: How do you feel about the oral test?
M: I couldn’t feel better about it. All of the questions are within my expectation.
Q: How does the man feel about the test?
3. W: I spent $50 on this sofa. Do you think it is worthwhile?
M: Well, I think you’ve got a real bargain.
Q: What does the man think of the price?
4. W: I heard the fire broke out at two in the morning.
M: That’s right. And it took the fireman three hours to put it out.
Q: When was the fire put out?
5. M: Excuse me, I’d like to send a registration letter to Houston, Texas. How much is the postage?
W: Let me check. It’s a dollar and 55 cents.
Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
6. W: John, there is a really good view out there.
M: Sorry, honey. I can’t stop here. There’s nowhere to park.
Q: What does the woman ask the man to do?
7. W: Jack, I expected to see you at Sam’s birthday party yesterday but you were absent.
M: I had to date with my girlfriend. I have been terribly busy these days. You know, she is complaining.
Q: What do we know about the man?
8. M: I’m fed up with the noisy environment here. I suppose we should rent a house with better environment, but I don’t see how we can afford it right now.
W: If only we hadn’t bought the second-hand car!
Q: What does the woman mean?
9. M: I think the film “Titanic” is really wonderful. Beautiful scene, impressing music and touching story. Everything is so great.
W: You can say that again.
Q: What does the woman mean?
10.W: Honey, I think we should go outing and relax this weekend.
M: Yes, darling. But my boss asked me to overwork over the weekend. You know, time is really pressing for us.
Q: What will the man do this weekend?
Section BCompound Dictation
The lack of persistence is the reason most people fail in attaining their goals. Many organizational analysts and career consultants consider persistence to be the ultimate key to success at both the organizational and personal level.
Success seldom comes easily on the first try. What separates the successful from the unsuccessful is persistence. Successful people also fail occasionally but they do not let their failures defeat their spirit. Successful people learn from defeats, revise their strategy as needed and try again. And again. And again. Until they succeed. Unsuccessful people try something one or two times and when it fails they give up, usually passing the blame on to someone or something else, and learn nothing from their experience other than perfecting their scapegoating techniques. Successful people expect periodic defeats, learn what went wrong and why, don’t waste time looking for someone to blame, make necessary adjustments, and try again. If you are persistent, you will almost inevitably succeed. If you are not persistent, you will almost certainly fail.
答案与详解
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension
Section A
1. 【答案】C
【试题分析】判断推理题。
【详细解答】“Here is the menu. Would you like to order now?”是餐厅服务员接待客人的常用语，因此地点在餐厅。
2. 【答案】C
【试题分析】判断推理题。
【详细解答】回答表明男士对口语考试感觉很好，因为所有的题目都在意料之中，因此选C（自信）。
3. 【答案】C
【试题分析】惯用法理解题。
【详细解答】“you’ve got a bargain”是惯用法，意为“你买到了便宜货”。故选 C。
4. 【答案】D
【试题分析】推理题。
【详细解答】根据对话，凌晨两点着火，用了三个小时扑灭，因此扑灭的时间是五点钟。
5. 【答案】B
【试题分析】判断推理题。
【详细解答】由对话可知，男士要寄一封挂号信，询问女士邮资是多少，因此应选 B 。
6. 【答案】A
【试题分析】判断推理题。
【详细解答】女士说外面风景很好，男士却说抱歉此处不能停车。由此判断女士想找个地方停车。
7. 【答案】B
【试题分析】细节题。
【详细解答】男士的回答表明他没去晚会，而是和女朋友去约会了，因为他最近一直很忙而遭到了女友的抱怨。
8. 【答案】A
【试题分析】句式理解题。
【详细解答】句式“If only...”通常接虚拟语气，意为“要是……该多好啊”，表示对现在或过去事实的一种虚拟假设。由此可知女士对买了二手车感到后悔。
9. 【答案】A
【试题分析】惯用法理解题。
【详细解答】“You can say that again”是惯用法，表示“我非常同意你的看法”。
10.【答案】B
【试题分析】事实辨析题。
【详细解答】女士提出周末出游，而男士却说老板要求加班，因为要赶时间，故应选B，即他周末得加班。
Section BCompound Dictation
内容概要：本文阐述了坚持对于成功与否的重要性，指出坚持不懈是机构和个人获得成功最基本的因素。成功的人有时也会失败，但他们会从中汲取教训，然后再去干，直到成功。而不成功的人往往失败后就停手不干了。
【答案】
(S1) career (S2) ultimate (S3) personal (S4) seldom
(S5) separates (S6) occasionally (S7) defeat
(S8) Successful people learn from defeats, revise their strategy as needed and try again
(S9) Unsuccessful people try something one or two times and when it fails they give up
(S10) If you are persistent, you will almost inevitably succeed
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Passage One
内容概要：本文是说明文，说明了分类广告相对于一般的展示广告的特点、优势及其发展变化的趋势。
21. 【答案】C
【译文】分类广告的优越性不包括为读者提供更多的信息。
【试题分析】事实辨析题。
【详细解答】从文中可看出，分类广告的优越性在于收费低、无需很多的展现形式，以及更易吸引对某类广告感兴趣的读者的注意力，因此A，B，D都正确。文中唯独没有提到C。
22. 【答案】A
【译文】房地产业就是分类广告的其中一块。
【试题分析】细节题。
【详细解答】本题考察对“Real Estate”的理解，它的意思是“房地产”，故选项A 正确。
23. 【答案】B
【译文】当读者看分类广告时，他们会搜索自己需要的信息。
【试题分析】事实辨析题。
【详细解答】从文中可知，读者在看分类广告时和看展示广告的注意力的模式是不一样的，他们会去浏览自己感兴趣的类别，查找所需信息。故选项B正确。
24. 【答案】A
【译文】根据文章，分类广告更多地依赖展现形式。
【试题分析】推断题。
【详细解答】文章最后指出，由于竞争的加剧，分类广告商们不得不用大标题和图片来吸引读者的注意力。故选项A正确。
25. 【答案】D
【译文】因为现在更多广告的投入和广告商之间的竞争日益加剧，所以分类广告不断变化形式。
【试题分析】事实辨析题。
【详细解答】 文中指出，分类广告的变化是由于“With the increase in the number of such advertisements, however, each advertiser within a certain group is competing with others in the same group for the reader’s attention”，故选项D正确。
Passage Two
内容概要：本文是说明文，说明了噪音对人的行为、态度的影响以及衡量一种声音是否构成噪音的各种因素。
26. 【答案】C
【译文】根据文章，在吵闹的环境中工作会影响人的心理情绪。
【试题分析】推断题。
【详细解答】文章提到噪音会给人的心理带来不良影响，故可以推断C是正确的。选项A和B都过于绝对，而D和原文表述意义相反。故选项C正确。
27. 【答案】 D
【译文】心理学家认为声音的大小可以用机器测出来。
【试题分析】事实辨析题。
【详细解答】从文中可知，声音与噪音不同，声音的大小可以用分贝来衡量，而噪音的强度取决与它所处的环境，故选项D正确。
28. 【答案】C
【译文】声音的强度对人的心理有不同程度的影响。
【试题分析】事实辨析题。
【详细解答】文中这句话“Noise cannot be measured in the same way because it refers
to the psychological effect of sound and its level of “intensity” depends on the situation”表明，噪音强度的大小取决于在不同的环境下它对于人的心理的不同影响，故选项C正确。
29. 【答案】D
【译文】当你等待上机时，飞机起落的声音。
【试题分析】判断推理题。
【详细解答】文章指出一种声音能否构成噪音要看它所处的环境，而不仅仅是声音的大小。选项D是在这种特定环境中人们能够预料的声音，故不应是噪音。
30．【答案】A
【译文】从文章中，我们得知保持生理和心理健康，我们需要控制噪音。
【试题分析】主旨题。
【详细解答】文章说明了噪音对人的种种不良影响，并在最后指出“It is noise pollution that we need to control in order to help people live more happily”，因此应选A，即应控制噪音污染，以保证人们的身心健康。其他各项都不全面。
Passage Three
内容概要：本文讨论了来自外界的奖励对学生的积极性和创造性有什么影响。并介绍了一位心理学家的主张，即给予学生恰当的奖励，可使他们专心去完成具有挑战性的任务，发挥更大的创造性，但如果对糟糕的表现也给予奖励，或让学生对奖励有太多的期许，反而会扼杀创造性。
31. 【答案】D
【译文】心理学家认为外界的奖励对学生会有不同的影响。
【试题分析】事实辨析题。
【详细解答】根据文章第一句话“Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to old cash, affect motivation and creativity”可知，心理学家的分歧在于来自外界的奖励对学生的积极性和创造性究竟有什么影响，故选项D正确。
32. 【答案】C
【译文】许多教育家对外界的奖励持怀疑态度。
【试题分析】文章第二段第一句话提到，后一种观点得到了许多教育工作者的支持，从第一段中可知，后一种观点是：奖励会促使学生对别人的赞许和馈赠产生依赖心理，因此奖励会破坏创造精神。由此可知，他们对奖励的正面作用持怀疑态度。故选项C正确。
33. 【答案】A
【译文】根据文中的研究结果表明，教育家通过给予学生应得的奖励来提高他们的积极性和创造性。
【试题分析】文章第三段指出，给予学生恰当的奖励，可使他们发挥更大的创造性，但如果对
糟糕的表现也给予奖励，或让学生对奖励有太多的期许，反而会扼杀创造性。故选项A正确。
34. 【答案】B
【译文】从文中可以得知，一些重点大学试图加强等级标准，因为他们相信惩罚比奖励更有效。
【试题分析】事实辨析题。
【详细解答】从文中第四段可知，许多大学之所以严格考试的评分标准，是因为“A teacher ... who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students”。选项B 与此意相同。
35. 【答案】C
【译文】根据学生的表现对他们作出评价。
【试题分析】事实辨析题。
【详细解答】根据最后一段的意思，在这种奖励制度下，要根据学生的表现对他们做出评价，而不仅仅是他们花费了多少精力来完成任务，故选项C正确。
Passage Four
内容概要：这是一篇说明文，说明了顾客在购买了有瑕疵的商品是如何进行最有效的投诉，以保护自己的利益不受损失。
36. 【答案】D
【译文】当顾客发现自己所购买的商品有问题时，他所做的第一件事就是出示在商场购物的凭具。
【试题分析】事实辨析题。
【详细解答】文章第一段指明，顾客购买了有瑕疵的商品后，首先应出示在某商场购买某商品的相关记录或证明。故选项D正确。
37. 【答案】A
【译文】为了使投诉更加有效，应当指出商品的问题所在。
【试题分析】事实辨析题。
【详细解答】根据第四段第一句话，最有效的投诉方式是指出所购商品的具体问题，故选项A正确。
38. 【答案】D
【译文】文章表明：消费者最后的处理方向就是向消费者权益保护组织求助。
【试题分析】事实辨析题。
【详细解答】文章最后一段指出，顾客购买了有瑕疵的商品后，可以向销售者或生产者投诉，如得不到满意答复，可以进一步向消费者权益保护组织反映。故选项D正确。
39. 【答案】A
【译文】达到标准。
【试题分析】词汇题。
【详细解答】文中“does not live up to the manufacturer’s claims”中的live up to意为“没有达到……的标准”。故选项Ａ正确。
40. 【答案】B
【译文】文章告诉我们怎样对有瑕疵的商品进行有效投诉。
【试题分析】主旨题。
【详细解答】本文主要说明顾客在购买了有瑕疵的商品后如何进行最有效的投诉，故选项B正确。
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure
41. 【答案】C
【译文】有一大群示威者在抗议战争（的爆发）。
【试题分析】词语辨析题。
【详细解答】to protest against ... 意为“抗议，反对”。to protect ... (from ...) 意为“保护……（使之不受……）”。to preserve 意为“保护，防护，维护”。to prosecute 意为“对……起诉；进行，坚持下去”。
42. 【答案】D
【译文】我恐怕不得不谢绝她的晚会邀请。
【试题分析】词语辨析题。
【详细解答】decline 意为“婉谢，谢绝”，指对别人的邀请、帮助等比较委婉地回绝。refuse 意为“拒绝”，指对别人的要求、请求等比较直率的，有时比较不客气的拒绝。refute 意为驳斥，反驳。ignore 意为“忽视，忽略，不理睬”。
43. 【答案】D
【译文】我昨天买的大衣一点也不贵，事实上，花两倍的价钱买它我都愿意。
【试题分析】本题考察表示倍数和比较的用法。
【详细解答】本句实际上隐含了一个又“as...as...”引导的比较状语从句。完整的句子是“I would gladly have paid twice as much as I paid for it”。当有表示倍数的词时，要放在“as...as...”比较级之前。
44. 【答案】B
【译文】由于电池耗尽了，他的汽车发动不了。
【试题分析】动词短语辨析题。
【详细解答】run down 意为“（动力等）耗尽；（身体）衰弱，疲乏；（钟表）停了，(使)失灵”。run up 意为“升起（旗帜）；欠下（钱财）”。run over意为“撞倒，辗过”。run off意为“撵走，吓跑”。
45. 【答案】A
【译文】如果没有事实依据，我们就不能形成正确的主张，因为我们要把想法建立在事实的基础上。
【试题分析】介词＋关系代词＋不定式作后置定语。
【详细解答】此句需要一个后置定语来修饰factual knowledge，根据句意应是base our thinking (upon) on factual knowledge，因此应使用“介词＋关系代词＋不定式”的结构作后
置定语。
46. 【答案】D
【译文】这个设计比那个要好的多。
【试题分析】superior 表比较的用法。
【详细解答】superior 意为“优越的，优良的”，后接介词to，表示比较，单词本身没有比较级。通常在前面加“far”表示“比……好得多”。
47. 【答案】B
【译文】我想知道她对这个消息的反应如何。
【试题分析】词语固定搭配题。
【详细解答】reaction 意为“对……的反应”。impression与on 搭配，表示“给……留下……印象”。comment 与on 搭配，表示“对……做出……评价”。opinion on意为“对……发表看法（意见）”。
48. 【答案】C
【译文】她不应该去排队买票，她本来可以通过售票机买地铁票的。
【试题分析】本题考察情态动词could 的完成式用法。
【详细解答】前半句用“shouldn’t have done”的形式，表示“本不应该做……”；后半句则提供了另一种可能性，“本来可以……”，因为是过去可能做，而实际上未做的事情，故应使用could的完成式。
49. 【答案】D
【译文】不要担心，我会关照，好让你受到平等对待的。
【试题分析】see （to it ）that＋从句的用法。
【详细解答】see （to it ）that……意为“务必，留神，注意做到”。其他三个选项在结构上都不能接从句，在语义上，look forward to意为“希望，盼望”；try one’s utmost 意为“竭尽全力”；be on the alert 意为“警惕，提防”。
50. 【答案】A
【译文】工人们同意如果公司满足他们的要求就取消罢工。
【试题分析】动词短语辨析题。
【详细解答】call off 意为“取消”。call out 意为“叫（请）出来；叫出（名字）”。call to 意为“向……喊”。call on 意为“号召，呼吁，要求”。
51. 【答案】D
【译文】我宁愿你不对她这么无礼。
【试题分析】would rather 后宾语从句的虚拟语气。
【详细解答】would rather 表示愿望，后接的宾语从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反的愿望时，用过去时；表示与过去事实相反的愿望时，用过去完成时。
52. 【答案】B
【译文】如今可供使用的电器很多，这使得做家务事比以前容易多了。
【试题分析】词语辨析题。
【详细解答】appliance 意为“器具，器械”，electrical appliance 意为“电器”。facility 意为“设备，设施”。instrument 意为“仪器”，尤指用于精致工作的工具或仪器。equipment 意为“设备，装备”。
53. 【答案】C
【译文】作者将要把他的剧本改编为电视剧。
【试题分析】词语辨析题。
【详细解答】adapt意为“改编，翻改；使适应”。add 意为“增加，加强”。adopt意为“采纳，采取（态度）；收养”。adjust意为“调整，适应”。
54. 【答案】B
【译文】如果不是你的帮助，我永远都不会取得这样的成功。
【试题分析】本题测试虚拟条件句的倒装。
【详细解答】根据句意和时态，前半句应为“If it had not been for your help”。当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, had, should 时，可以省略if, 将were, had, should 移至主
语的前面。
55. 【答案】B
【译文】虽然电脑有很多好处，但绝不是没有局限性。
【试题分析】同义词语辨析题。
【详细解答】limitation意为“限制，局限”。boundary 意为“边境线，分界线”。confinement意为“限制（在范围内），监禁”，。restraint意为“抑制，遏制，制止”，常接介词from。
56. 【答案】A
【译文】恐怕我不能给你提供住处，你得去住旅馆。
【试题分析】动词短语辨析题。
【详细解答】put ... up意为“留……住宿；举起；搭建”。pick ... up 意为“拾起，拿起；学会，学到”。pull ... up意为“使（车子）停下”。wake ... up意为“叫醒”。
57. 【答案】B
【译文】客人们说来一点轻音乐也好。
【试题分析】mind +动名词表示“介意，反对”。
【详细解答】mind 作“在乎，介意”讲时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中，后面若有动词作宾语，要用动名词。
58. 【答案】C
【译文】虽然目前这一地区很贫穷，但它的潜在财富却是巨大的。
【试题分析】词语辨析题。
【详细解答】potential意为“潜在的”。previous 意为“以前的，从前的”。profound意为“深奥的，博学的”。primary意为“初级的；主要的；基本的”。
59. 【答案】B
【译文】他胳膊下夹着两本书，飞快地向教室跑去。
【试题分析】独立主格结构作伴随状语。
【详细解答】由于句子前后以逗号隔开，没有连词，因此后半句只能是伴随状语，要使用名词＋分词的独立主格结构，此句中books是分词动作hold的承受者，故应使用过去分词。
60. 【答案】D
【译文】我们必须全力降低产品的成本，否则高成本将使利润大打折扣。
【试题分析】动词短语辨析题。
【详细解答】cut into意为“减少，降低；插嘴，打断”。cut off 意为“切断；隔绝，挡住；切下来”。cut in意为“插嘴，夹塞”。cut short意为“打断（谈话），中断（活动）”。
61. 【答案】A
【译文】汤姆并不十分聪明，但他却是班里最勤奋的学生。
【试题分析】词语辨析题。
【详细解答】industrious意为“勤奋的，勤勉的”。indulgent 意为“纵容的，溺爱的”。industrial意为“工业的，实业的”。indifferent意为“冷淡的，漠不关心的；平淡无奇的”。
62. 【答案】B
【译文】他刚到家，就被要求开始另一个旅程。
【试题分析】测试 “no sooner...than”引导的时间状语从句。
【详细解答】 “no sooner...than” 是一个关联从属连词，意为“一……就…… ”，故B为正确答案。当 “no sooner”置于句首时，要用倒装语序。
63. 【答案】D
【译文】小孩子们会很容易学会父母常使用的话语。
【试题分析】动词短语辨析题。
【详细解答】pick up 意为“拾起；（非正规地）学会，学到”。put up 意为“举起；修建；留……住宿”。turn up 意为“出现，出席”。bring up 意为“抚养大；提出”。
64. 【答案】D
【译文】只有当你得到关于它的所有信息后，才能得出合理的判断。
【试题分析】倒装结构。
【详细解答】“Only+状语（状语从句）”置于句首时，主句的主、谓语需采用部分倒装的结构。如果谓语中含有情态动词、助动词或动词be 时，只要将其移至主语前即可。
65. 【答案】C
【译文】美国妇女很长时间都未被赋予选举的权利，经过多年的斗争，直到1920年她们才争取到了这一权利。
【试题分析】同义词语辨析题。
【详细解答】deny sb. sth.表示“拒绝给予……”。ignore 意为“忽视，忽略，不理睬”。neglect 意为“疏忽，忽视”。refuse 意为“拒绝”。
66. 【答案】D
【译文】全部所需要的就是对基本生活必需品的源源不断的供应。
【试题分析】that 引导的限制性定语从句。
【详细解答】All 后需要一个定语从句，而all后面的定语从句只能由that 引导，故选D。
67. 【答案】A
【译文】由于销售量下降，这家工厂已经解雇了一些工人。
【试题分析】动词短语辨析题。
【详细解答】lay off意为“解雇”。lay out 意为“设计，布局；花费，使用”。lay aside意为“放在一边”。lay down意为“放下；规定，说明”。
68. 【答案】D
【译文】星期五的演出已经没有票了。
【试题分析】词语辨析题。
【详细解答】available意为“可以得到的，可供利用（使用）的”。applicable 意为“适用的，有效的”。approachable意为“可以到达的，容易接近的”。attainable意为“可以达到的”。
69. 【答案】D
【译文】我遇到交通堵塞了，否则我会按时到这的。
【试题分析】隐含的虚拟条件句。
【详细解答】此题中前半句是一个陈述句，后半句中otherwise相当于一个虚拟的条件从句“If the traffic had not been very busy”，是对过去的情况的一个假设，因此主句中的谓语要用“would have done”的形式。
70. 【答案】D
【译文】不管你有多聪明，如果你不努力，注定会落在别人后面。
【试题分析】however 引导让步状语从句。
【详细解答】however 引导让步状语从句相当于“no matter how”，后接形容词或副词，表示“不管多么……”。whatever 和whatsoever （语气比whatever 强）引导让步状语从句时，相当于“no matter what”，后接名词。此句如选though，后半句应为“though you might be smart”。
Part IV Short Answer Questions
内容概要：本文说明了积极动脑进行思考在认知方面对人的好处，指出经常参与脑力劳动有助于保持思维的活跃。
S1. 【答案】Why people should keep mentally active.
【试题分析】主旨题。
【详细解答】通读全文可知文章主要谈的是积极动脑进行思考对人的好处。
S2. 【答案】In cognitive areas such as attention and memory.
【试题分析】细节题。
【详细解答】答案可在第一段第一句话中找到。
S3. 【答案】People who have active mind. (People who think about things actively.)
【试题分析】事实辨析题。
【详细解答】从文章第二段得知，经常接受各种信息并积极动脑思考的人在认知的发展上比很少用脑的人更健全。
S4. 【答案】By taking part in various mental activities. (By challenging their brains with various mental activities.)
【试题分析】答案可在第三段最后一句话中找到。
S5. 【答案】They should keep mentally active as well as physically active.
【试题分析】细节题。
【详细解答】由最后一段中“Cohen says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well”这句话可知问题的答案。
Part V Writing
1）写作指导：这个题目所涉及的内容学生比较熟悉，因此不愁没有可写的，关键是要把想表达的内容进行总结、归纳，使文章的条理清晰，富于逻辑。另外，要注意句子、段落间的连贯性。
2）参考范文：
Social Practice
Social practice benefits students in many ways. To begin with, it can enrich students’ experiences and equip them with more knowledge about the society. Secondly, social practice can offer students opportunities to apply what they learn in class into practical work. Thirdly, social practice can bring them some profit, which helps them to be more economically independent of their families.
However, some problems arise if students are engaged in too much social practice. For example, some students put so much effort in it that they cannot set aside much time and energy for study. As a result, their study is neglected, which is an undesirable consequence of social practice.
In my opinion, it is important for students to keep the balance between study and social practice. They should keep study in the first place and hold social practice as a supplement. Only in this way can social practice really benefit students.
本套试卷测试的语言重点
【8个重点单词】
1.protest (against) 抗议，反对
2.decline 婉谢，谢绝，指对别人的邀请、帮助等比较委婉地回绝
3.superior 优越的，优良的，后接介词to，表示比较
4.adapt 改编，翻改；使适应
5.limitation 限制，局限
6.potential潜在的
7.deny sb. sth. 拒绝给予……
8.available 可以得到的，可供利用（使用）的
【4个重点词组】
1.run down （动力等）耗尽；（身体）衰弱，疲乏
2.call off 取消
3.put ... up 留……住宿；举起；搭建
4.pick up 拾起；（非正规地）学会，学到
【2项重点语法】
1.would rather 表示愿望，后接的宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气。
2.“no sooner...than”引导时间状语从句, 表示“一……就……”。
|
