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本文截选自王迈迈《大学英语四级考试历年全真试卷与详解》一书，如要copy请先与我们联系：027-87293260;[email protected].否则追究法律责任。
试卷一
Part Ⅰ
Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section,you will hear 10 short conversations.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Example:You will hear:
You will read:
A) At the office.
B) In the waiting room.
C) At the airport.
D) In a restaurant.
From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening.This is most likely to have taken place at the office.Therefore,A) “ At the office ” is the best answer.You should choose on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.
Sample Answer ［ A ］［ B ］ ［ C ］ ［ D ］
1.A) They are both anxious to try Italian food.
B) They are likely to have dinner together.
C) The man will treat the woman to dinner tonight.
D) The woman refused to have dinner with the man.
2.A) It ' s only for rent, not for sale.B) It ' s being redecorated.
C) It ' s not as good as advertisted.D) It ' s no longer available.
3.A) Colleagues. B) Employer and employee.
C) Husband and wife. D) Mother and son.
4.A) She contacts her parents occasionally.
B) She phones her parents regularly at weekends.
C) She visits her parents at weekends when the fares are down.
D) She often calls her parents regardless of the rates.
5.A) The next bus is coming soon.
B) The bus will wait a few minutes at the stop.
C) There are only two or three passengers waiting for the bus.
D) They can catch this bus without running.
6.A) The assignment looks easy but actually it ' s quite difficult.
B) The assignment is too difficult for them to complete on time.
C) They cannot finish the assignment until Thursday.
D) They have plenty of time to work on the assignment.
7.A) The man will go to meet the woman this evening.
B) The man and the woman have an appointment at 7 o ' clock.
C) The woman can ' t finish making the jam before 7 o ' clock.
D) The woman won ' t be able to see the man this evening.
8.A) She ' s learned a lot from the literature class.
B) She ' s written some books about world classics.
C) She ' s met some of the world ' s best writers.
D) She ' s just back from a trip round the world.
9.A) The exam was easier than the previous one.
B) Joe is sure that he will do better in the next exam.
C) Joe probably failed in the exam.
D) The oral part of the exam was easier than the written part.
10.A) She is tired of driving in heavy traffic.
B) She doesn ' t mind it as the road conditions are good.
C) She is unhappy to have to drive such a long way every day.
D) She enjoys it because she ' s good at driving.
Section B Compound Dictation
注意：听力理解的 B 节 (Section B) 为复合式听写 (Compound Dictation), 题目在试卷二上，现在请取试卷二。
Part Ⅱ
Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.
Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?
Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characterstics that instruct and inspire people.
A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.
Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high voltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people.
The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?
Heroes are cantalysts( 催化剂 ) for change. they have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi , India might still be part of the British Empire . Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated( 隔离的 ) buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.
11.Although heroes may come from different cultures, they ____.
A) generall prossess certain inspiring characteristics
B) probably share some weaknesses of ordinary people
C) are often influenced by previous generations
D) all unknowingly attract a large number of fans
12.According to the passage, heroes are compared to high voltage transformers in that ____.
A) they have a vision from the mountaintop
B) they have a warm feelings and emotions
C) they can serve as concrete examples of noble principles
D) they can make people feel stronger and more confident
13.Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroes because ____.
A) they are popular only among certain groups of people
B) their performances do not improve their fans morally
C) their primary concern is their own financial interests
D) they are not clear about the principles they should follow
14.Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who ____.
A) are good at demonstrating their charming characters
B) can move the masses with their forceful speeches
C) are capable of meeting all challenges and hardships
D) can provide an answer to the problems of their people
15.The author concludes that historical changes would ____.
A) be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualities
B) not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrifices
C) take place if there were heroes to lead the people
D) produce leaders with attractive personalities
Passage Two
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:
According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, today ' s traditional age college freshmen are “ more materialistic and less altruistic ( 利他主义的 ) ” than at any time in the 17 years of the poll.
Not surprising in these hard times, the student ' s major objective “ is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life. ” It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting.
Interest in teaching, social service and the “ altruistic ” fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.
That ' s no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job — even before she completed her two year associate degree.
While it ' s true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions — be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs. Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company: no job. How shortsighted in the long run! But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom ( 对讲机 ) ：“ Miss Baxter, ” he says, “ could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong? ”
From the long term point of view, that ' s what education really ought to be about.
16.According to the author ' s observation, college students ____.
A) have never been so materialistic as today
B) have never been so interested in the arts
C) have never been so financially well off as today
D) have never attached so much importance to moral sense
17.The students ' criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with.
A) the influences of their instructors
B) the financial goals they seek in life
C) their own interpretations of the courses
D) their understanding of the contributions of others
18.By saying “ While it ' s true that... be they scientific or artistic. ” (Lines 1 — 3, Para. 5), the author means that ____.
A) business management should be included in educational programs
B) human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speed
C) human intellectual development has reached new heights
D) the importance of a broad education should not be overlooked
19.Studying the diverse wisdom of others can ____.
A) create varying artistic interests
B) help people see things in their right perspective
C) help improve connections among people
D) regulate the behavior of modern people
20.Which of the following statements is true according to the passsage?
A) Businessmen absorbed in their career are narrow minded.
B) Managers often find it hard to tell right from wrong.
C) People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding life.
D) Career seekers should not focus on immediate interests only.
Passage Three
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It ' s now a “ global village ” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.
Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modren markets, success overseas often help support domestic business efforts.
Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “ out of sight and out of mind. ” He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the compnay ' s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United Sates where cross cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent ( 普遍的 ) .
Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.
English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever rowing need for people who can speak another lauguage. A second language isn ' t gererally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.
The employee posted abroad who speaks the country ' s principal language has an opportunity to fast forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.
21.What is the author ' s attitude toward high tech communications equipment?
A) Critical.
B) Indifferent.
C) Prejudiced.
D) Positive.
22.With the increased use of high tech communications equipment, businesspeople ____.
A) have to get familiar with modern technology
B) are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operations
C) are attaching more importance to their overseas business
D) are eager to work overseas
23.In this passage, “ out of sight and out of mind ” (Lines 2 3, Para. 3) probably means ____.
A) being unable to think properly for lack of insight
B) being totally out of touch with business at home
C) missing opportunities for promotion when abroad
D) leaving all care and worthy behind
24.According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today?
A) Connections with businessess overseas.
B) Ability to speak the client ' s language.
C) Technical know how.
D) Business experience.
25.The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can ____.
A) better control the whole negotiation process
B) easily find new approaches to meet market needs
C) fast forward their proposals to headquarters
D) easily make friends with businesspeople abroad
Passage Four
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
In recent years, Israeli consumers have grown more demanding as they ' ve become wealthier and more wordly wise. Foreign travel is a national passion; this summer alone, one in 10 citizens will go abroad. Exposed to higher standards of service elsewhere, Israelis are returning home expecting the same. American firms have also begun arriving in large numbers. Chains such as KFC, McDonald ' s and Pizza Hut are setting a new standard of customer service, using strict employee training and constant monitoring to ensure the friendliness of frontline staff. Even the American habit of telling departing customers to “ Have a nice day ” has caught on all over Israel . “ Nobody wakes up in the morning and say, ‘ Let ' s be nicer, '” says Itsik Cohen, director of a consulting firm. “ Nothing happens without competition. ”
Privatization, or the threat of it, is a motivation as well. Monopolies( 垄断者 ) that until recently have been free to take their customers for granted now fear what Michael Perry, a marketing professor, calls “ the revengeful( 报复的 ) consumer. ” When the government opened up competition with Bezaq, the phone company, its international branch lost 40% of its market share, even while offering competitive rates. Says Perry, “ People wanted revenge for all the years of bad service. ” The electric company, whose monopoly may be short lived, has suddenly stopped requiring users to wait half a day for a repairman. Now, appointments are scheduled to the half hour. The graceless EI Al Airlines, which is already at auction ( 拍卖 ), has retrained its employees to emphasize service and is boasting about the results in an ad campaign with the slogan, “ You can feel the change in the air. ” For the first time, praise outnumbers complaints on customer survey sheets.
26.It may be inferred from the passage that ____.
A) customer service in Israel is now improving
B) wealthy Israeli customers are hard to please
C) the tourist industry has brought chain stores to Israel
D) Israel customers prefer foreign products to domestic ones
27.In the author ' s view, higher service standards are impossible in Israel ____.
A) if customer complaints go unnoticed by the management
B) unless foreign companies are introduced in greater numbers
C) if there ' s no competition among companies
D) without strict routine training of employees
28.If someone in Israel today needs a repairman in case of a power failure, ____.
A) they can have it fixed in no time
B) it ' s no longer necessary to make an appointment
C) the appointment takes only half a day to make
D) they only have to wait half an hour at most
29.The example of El Al Airlines shows that ____.
A) revengeful customers are a threat to the monopoly of enterprises
B) an ad campaign is a way out for enterprises in financial difficulty
C) a good slogan has great potential for improving service
D) staff retraining is essential for better sevice
30.Why did Bezaq ' s international brance lose 40% of its market share?
A) Because the rates it offered were not competitive enough.
B) Because customers were dissatisfied with its past service.
C) Because the service offered by its competitors was far better.
D) Because it no longer received any support from the government.
Part Ⅲ
Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)
Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
31.Such crimes may be so complex that months or years go by before anyone ____ them.
A) discoveredB) will discoverC) would have discoveredD) discovers
32.Though ____ in a big city, Peter always prefers to paint the primitive scenes of country life.
A) grownB) raisedC) tendedD) cultivated
33.The careless man received a ticket for speeding. He ____ have driven so fast.
A) can ' t
B) wouldn ' t
C) shouldn ' t
D) mustn ' t
34.If people feel hopeless, they don ' t bother to ____ the skills they need to succeed.
A) adopt
B) acquire
C) accumulate
D) assemble
35.If I ____ harder at school, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.
A) worked
B) were to work
C) had worked
D) were working
36.The shop assistant was dismissed as she was ____ of cheating customers.
A) accused
B) charged
C) scolded
D) cursed
37.All her energies are ____ upon her children and she seems to have little time for anything else.
A) guided
B) aimed
C) directed
D) focused
38.While crossing the mountain area, all the men carried guns lest they ____ by wild animals.
A) should be attacked
B) had been attacked
C) must be attacked
D) would be attacked
39.Everyone should be ____ to a decent standard of living and an opportunity to be educated.
A) attributed
B) entitled
C) identified
D) justified
40.His wife is constantly finding ____ with him, which makes him very angry.
A) errors
B) shortcomings
C) fault
D) flaw
41.Vitamins are complex ____ that the body requires in very small amounts.
A) matters
B) materials
C) particles
D) substances
42.Apart from caring for her children, she has to take on such heavy ____ housework as carrying water and firewood.
A) time consumed
B) timely consumed
C) time consuming
D) timely consuming
43.Anna was reading a piece of science fiction, completely ____ to the outside world.
A) having been lostB) to be lostC) losingD) lost
44.The police are trying to find out the ____ of the woman killed in the traffic accident.
A) evidenceB) recognitionC) statusD) identity
45.All human beings have a comfortable zone regulating the ____ they keep from someone they talk with.
A) distanceB) scopeC) rangeD) boundary
46.We have planned an exciting publicity ____ with our advertisers.
A) struggleB) battleC) campaignD) conflict
47.____ the help of their group, we would not have succeeded in the investigation.
A) BesidesB) Regardless ofC) But forD) Despite
48.____ much is known about what occurs during sleep, the precise function of sleep and its different stages remains largely in the realm of assumption.
A) BecauseB) ForC) SinceD) While
49.John doesn ' t believe in ____ medicine; he has some remedies of his own.
A) standardB) regularC) routineD) conventional
50.Owing to ____ competition among the airlines, travel expense have been reduced considerably.
A) fierceB) strainedC) eagerD) critical
51.They always give the vacant seats to ____ comes first.
A) whoeverB) whomeverC) whoD) whom
52.In Africa , educational costs are very low for those who are ____ enough to get into universities.
A) ambitiousB) fortuanteC) aggressiveD) substantial
53.Professor Wang, ____ for his informative lectures, was warmly received by his students.
A) knowingB) to be knownC) knownD) having known
54.Our manager is ____ an important customer now and he will be back this afternoon.
A) calling onB) calling upC) calling inD) calling for
55.A fire engine must have priority as it usually has to deal with some kind of ____.
A) precautionB) crisisC) emergencyD) urgency
56.He said that the driver must have had an accident; otherwise he ____ by then.
A) would have arrivedB) should arriveC) must have arrivedD) would arrive
57.The film provides a deep ____ into a wide range of human qualities and feelings.
A) insightB) fancyC) imaginationD) outlook
58.It is high time that such practices ____.
A) are endedB) be endedC) were endedD) must be ended
59.Urban crowdedness would be greatly relieved if only the ____ charged on public transport were more reasonable.
A) feesB) paymentsC) faresD) costs
60.The doctor had almost lost hope at one point, but the patient finally ___.
A) pulled outB) pulled upC) pulled throughD) pulled over
Part Ⅳ
Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D) on the right side of the paper.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
A language is a signaling system which operates with symbolic vocal sounds ( 语声 ) , and which is used by a group of people for the purpose of communication.Let ' s look at this ____ 61 ____ in more detail because it is language, more than anything else, ____ 62 ____ distinguishes man from the rest of the ____ 63 ____ world.
Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by ____ 64 ____ of cries: for example, many birds utter ____ 65 ____ calls at the approach of danger; monkeys utter ____ 66 ____ cries, such as expressions of anger, fear and pleasure. ____ 67 ____ these various means of coummunication differ in important ways ____ 68 ____ human language. For instance, animals ' cries do not ____ 69 ____ thoughts and feelings clearly. This means basically, that they lack structure. They lack the kind of structure that ____ 70 ____ us to divide a human utterance into ____ 71 ____ . We can change an utterance by ____ 72 ____ one word in it with ____ 73 ____ : a good illustration of this is a soldier who can say, e.g., “ tanks approaching from the north ” , ____ 74 ____ who can change one word and say “ aircraft approaching from the north ” or “ tanks approaching from the west ” ; but a bird has a single alarm cry, ____ 75 ____ means “ danger! ”
This is why the number of ____ 76 ____ that an animal can make is very limited: the great tit ( 山雀 ) is a case ____ 77 ____ point; it has about twenty different calls, ____ 78 ____ in human language the number of possible utterances is ____ 79 ____ . It also explains why animal cries are very ____ 80 ____ in meaning.
61.A) classification B) definitionC) functionD) perception
62.A) thatB) itC) asD) what
63.A) nativeB) humanC) physicalD) animal
64.A) waysB) meansC) methodsD) approaches
65.A) matingB) excitingC) warningD) boring
66.A) identicalB) excitingC) differentD) unfamiliar
67.A) ButB) ThereforeC) AfterwardsD) Furthermore
68.A) aboutB) withC) fromD) in
69.A) inferB) explainC) interpretD) express
70.A) encouragesB) enablesC) enforcesD) ensures
71.A) speechesB) soundsC) wordsD) voices
72.A) replacingB) spellingC) pronouncingD) saying
73.A) oursB) theirsC) anotherD) others
74.A) soB) andC) butD) or
75.A) thisB) thatC) whichD) it
76.A) signsB) gesturesC) signalsD) marks
77.A) inB) atC) ofD) for
78.A) whereasB) sinceC) anyhowD) somehow
79.A) boundlessB) changeableC) limitlessD) ceaseless
80.A) ordinaryB) alikeC) commonD) general
试卷二
Section B Compound Dictation
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.
When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. Then listen to the passage again. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered S1 to S7 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from S8 to S10 you are required to fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
注意：本试题答完后，必须卷面朝下放置，不得把答题内容暴露在外，否则以作弊论处。
It ' s difficult to imagine the sea ever running out of fish. It ' s so vast, so deep, so (S1)____. Unfortunately, it ' s not bottomless. Overfishing, (S2)____ with destructive fishing practices, is killing off the fish and (S3)____ their environment.
Destroy the fish, and you destroy the fishermen ' s means of living. At least 60 (S4)____ of the world ' s commercially important fish (S5)____ are already over fished, or fished to the limit. As a result, governments have had to close down some areas of sea to commercial fishing.
Big, high tech fleets (S6) ____ that everything in their path is pulled out of water. Anything too small, or the wrong thing, is thrown back either dead or dying. That ' s an (S7) ____ of more than 20 million metric tons every year. (S8) ____.
In some parts of the world, for every kilogram of prawns ( 对虾 ) caught, up to 15 kilograms of unsuspecting fish and other marine wildlife die, simply for being in the wrong place at the wrong time.True, (S9) ____, before every ocean becomes a dead sea. (S10) ____ , then catch them in a way that doesn ' t kill other innocent sea life.
Part Ⅴ
Writing (30 minutes)
Directions:For this part,you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic [WTHX]It Pays to Be Honest.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 当前社会上存在着许多不诚实的现象
2. 诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实
It Pays to Be Honest
参考答案 详细解答和录音文字材料
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension
Section A
1.M: Mary, would you join me for dinner tonight?
W: You treated me last weekend. Now, it ' s my turn. Shall we try something Italian?
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
2.W: Good afternoon. I ' m calling to inquire about the four bedroom house you advertised in the newspaper.
M: I am sorry, but it ' s already sold.
Q: What do we learn about the house from the conversation?
3.W: John, what are you doing on your computer? Don ' t you remember your promise?
M: This is not a game. It ' s only a cross word puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary.
Q: What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
4.M: Do you still keep in touch with your parents regularly after all these years?
W: Yes, of course. I call them at weekends when the rates are down fifty percent.
Q: What do we learn from the woman from the conversation?
5.M: Hurry, there is a bus coming.
W: Why run? There will be another one in two or three minutes.
Q: What does the woman mean?
6.M: Wow, that ' s a big assignment we got for the English class.
W: Well, it ' s not as bad as it looks. It isn ' t due until Thursday morning.
Q: What does the woman mean?
7.W: Hello, is that Steve? I ' m stuck in a traffic jam. I ' m afraid I can ' t make it before seven o ' clock.
M: Never mind. I ' ll be here waiting for you.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
8.M: You really seem to enjoy your literature class.
W: You ' re right. It has opened a new world for me. I ' m exposed to the thoughts of some of the world ' s best writers. I ' ve never read so much in my life.
Q: What does the woman mean?
9.W: Listen to me, Joe, the exam is already a thing of the past. Just forget about it.
M: That ' s easier said than done.
Q: What can we infer from the conversation?
10.M: I hear you drive a long way to work everyday.
W: Oh, yes. It ' s about sixty miles. But it doesn ' t seem that far, the road is not bad, and there ' s not much traffic.
Q: How does the woman feel about driving to work?
Section B
It ' s difficult to imagine the sea ever running out of fish. It ' s so vast, so deep, so S1mysterious. Unfortunately, it ' s not bottomless. Overfishing, S2coupled with destructive fishing practices, is killing off the fish and S3ruining their environment.
Destroy the fish, and you destroy the fishermen ' s means of living. At least 60 S4percent of the world ' s commercially important fish S5species are already over fished, or fished to the limit. As a result, governments have had to close down some areas of sea to commercial fishing.
Big, high tech fleets S6ensure that everything in their path is pulled out of water. Anything too small, or the wrong thing, is thrown back either dead or dying. That ' s an S7average of more than 20 million metric tons every year.
S8When you consider, that equals a quarter of the world catch, you begin to see the size of the problem.
In some parts of the world, for every kilogram of prawns ( 对虾 ) caught, up to 15 kilograms of unsuspecting fish and other marine wildlife die, simply for being in the wrong place at the wrong time.
True,S9some countries are beginning to deal with this problem, but it ' s vital we find rational ways of fishing, before every ocean becomes a dead sea.
S10It would make sense to give the fish enough time to recover, grow to full size and reproduce, then catch them in a way that doesn ' t kill other innocent sea life.
1.B 2.D 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.B
S1 mysterious S2 coupled S3 ruining S4 percent
S5 speciesS6 ensureS7 average
S8 When you consider that equals a quarter of the world catch, you begin to see the sides of the problem.
S9 some countries are beginning to deal with this problem, but it ' s vital we find rational ways of fishing
S10 It would make sense to give the fish enough of time to recover, grow to full size and reproduce
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Passage One
【短文大意】文章就什么是英雄发表了一些看法。作者认为尽管存在着文化的差异，但全世界的英雄具有共同的引导人和激励人的特点。同时，英雄不能只有虚名，而应能释放出巨大的影响人的能量。英雄值得大家模仿，是时代变革的催化剂。
11.A
尽管英雄来自不同的文化，他们普遍拥有某些鼓舞人的特点。本题考查考生对文章主旨的概括能力。文章第二段就是全文的主旨句： Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people. 意为：尽管存在着文化的差异，但全世界的英雄具有共同的引导人和激励人的特点。
12.C 根据文章，英雄被比作高压变压器是因为他们可以被看作是高尚原则的具体榜样。本题考查考生对文章细节内容的理解。文章第四段指出 Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves worth ，英雄服务于高于他们本人的力量或原则，然后又把他们比作高压变压器，也就是说，英雄可以被看作是高尚原则的具体榜样。
13.B
麦当娜和迈克尔·杰克逊不能被看作是英雄是因为他们的表演不能使歌迷的道德得到升华。本题考查考生根据文章细节内容作推断的能力。文章第五段谈到检测英雄的标准是看他们为什么服务，为谁服务，看他们愿为什么而死，为什么而生。如果他们只是为追逐个人名誉的话，他们就不是英雄，而只是名人。而后，文章又提到 Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant? 从该句我们可得出其言下之意是，麦当娜和迈克尔·杰克逊不能使歌迷的生活更加充实，也就是他们的表演不能使歌迷的道德得到升华。
14.D 甘地和马丁·路德·金是能够对人民的问题提供解决方案的杰出人物。本题考查考生对文章细节内容的理解。 文章最后一段列举了 Without Gandhi,India might still be part of the British Empire.Without Rosa Park and Martin Luther...we might still..., 并没有这种含义：甘地和马丁·路德·金他们善于显示他们的人格魅力。
15.A
作者做出结论，要是没有那些具有鼓舞人个性的领导人，历史的变革将会延缓。本题考查考生对文章结论句的理解。只要理解文章最后一句话，就不难做出选择， It may be possible for large scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.
Passage Two
【短文大意】
文章根据一项调查报告指出现在的大学新生比任何时候都更看重物质利益，而不顾他人的利益。文章通过他们选择学习的课程和择业的倾向来说明这一点。然后作者发表了对教育目的的看法，提出教育应看重长远目标。
16.A
根据作者的观察，现在的大学生从来没有像现在这样现实。本题考查考生对文章细节的理解。文章第一段提到， today ' s traditional-age freshman are “ more materialistic and less altruistic ” than at any time in the 17 years of poll. 因此，本题选 A 。
17.B
现在，学生选择专业的标准与他们日后经济目标密切相关。本题考查考生对文章细节的理解。文章第二段提到 the student ' s major objective “ is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life ” . 意为：学生选择专业的标准是今后经济上的富足，而不是使生活有意义。
18.D
文章第五段 1-3 行，作者要表达的是全面教育的重要性不应被忽视。本题考查考生对文章具体内容的理解。这一句意为，我们需要一份工作不假，然而人类文明所积累的大量知识在我们从事的领域中远远没有涉及到这也是事实，而我们应该理解这些人类的贡献，不管是文科还是理科的。这与选项 D 的意思最符合。
19.B
学习他人的各种智慧能够帮助人们用正确的眼光看待事情。本题考查考生对文章细节内容的理解。文章第五段提到 in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connection between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs. 这与选项 B 的意思最符合。
20.D
根据文章内容，下列哪个表述是正确。本题考查考生对文章细节内容的熟悉。选项 D 意为选择职业不应只看眼前利益。与文章的内容和作者的观点都符合。而 A, B, C 均太片面。
Passage Three
【短文大意】由于高新通讯科技的发展，世界变得越来越小，这也大大促进了世界的发展。这为从事跨国贸易的商人提供了许多机遇，但对他们的语言技能的要求也越来越高。一般说来，会第二语言的员工在跨国公司中有更多的发展机会。
21.D
作者对高科技通讯设备抱怎样的态度？本题考查考生揣测作者写作态度的能力。文中作者用到了 benefit from this high-tech communications equipment 和 growing respect 以及 thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communication devices 这样的字眼，由此可推断，作者对高科技通讯设备持积极态度。因此，本题选 D 。 critical adj. 评论的 , 批评的； indifferent adj. 无关紧要的； prejudiced adj. 怀偏见的。
22.C
随着高科技通讯设备使用的逐渐增多，商人越来越看重海外生意。本题考查考生根据文章细节内容作推断的能力。文章第二段提到 In modern markets, success oversea often helps support domestic efforts 。 文章第三段又提到 Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks 。这些都说明了海外生意的重要性以及商人们越来越看重海外生意。
23.C
在文章中，第三段 2-3 行的 out of sight and out of mind 可能意味着在海外会失去提升的机会。本题考查考生对文章细节内容的理解及推断能力。 out of sight and out of mind 原意为眼不见，心不烦。这里意为长期在国外的员工，由于 out of sight of the superiors, 所以他们担心会 out of mind of the superiors, 即担心上级会忘记他们而失去提升的机会。因此本题选 C 。
24.B
根据文章内容，现在国际机构雇用员工考虑的一个重要因素是什么？本题考查考生对文章细节内容的理解。文章第五段提到 There is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn ' t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal. 这就是说，会说外语是求职人员的优势。因此本题选 B 。
25.A
雇员有外语技能的优势在于他们能够更好地控制整个谈判过程。本题考查考生对文章细节内容的理解。文章最后一段第一句提到 The employee posted abroad who speaks the country ' s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. 会说所驻国家语言的雇员有机会加快或减慢某些谈判的进程。因此本题选 A 。 Passage Four
【短文大意】
文章谈论了由于越来越多的人出国旅行，以及美国许多企业涌入，以色列的消费者领略了国外的高质量服务以后，也开始追求国内的服务质量。同时竞争和私有化也是有效提高服务质量的途径。
26.A 可以从文章推断出以色列的服务质量现在有了很大的改进。本题考查考生根据文章内容作推断的能力。文章第一段谈到由于外来因素，以色列国内的服务质量受到的影响。而文章第二段谈到竞争和私有化使以色列的服务质量得到大大提高。文章举了很多例子来说明这一点。因此，本题选 A 。
27.C
在作者看来，如果没有公司之间的竞争，高质量的服务在以色列是不可能的。本题考查考生揣测作者观点的能力。文章第一段最后一句谈到 Nothing happens without competition. 然后，文章第二段又举了几个公司的例子来说明这一点。因此本题选 C 。
28.D
如果现在有人在以色列遇到停电问题，要找修理工的话，他们最多只需要等半小时。本题考查考生对文章细节的理解。文章第二段提到 The electric company, whose monopoly may be short-lived, has suddenly stopped requiring users to wait half a day for a repairman. Now appointments are scheduled to the half-hour. 也就是说，只要等半个小时可以了。因此本题选 D 。
29.D El Al 航空公司的例子说明对员工进行再培训是更好服务的根本。本题考查考生对文章细节的理解。因此本题选 D 。
30.B
为什么 Bezaq 国际电讯部门丧失了 40% 的市场分额？本题考查考生对文章细节的理解。文章第二段谈到当政府开始与 Bezaq 国际电讯竞争后， Bezaq 丧失了 40% 的市场分额，尽管 Bezaq 提供了相当有竞争力的价格，是因为 People wanted revenge for all years of bad service ，人们想对其多年来的劣质服务进行报复。因此本题选 B 。
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure
31. D 像这样的罪行可能是如此的复杂，以致于要过很长时间才会被人发现。语法题。这是对客观事实的描述，应该使用一般现在时。
32. B
虽然生长在大城市 , 但彼得总是喜欢画有关乡村质朴生活的风景画。词汇题。句意为“彼得生长在大城市”，用 raise 表示“生长在”；如果使用 grown ，其后要加 up ； tend 指“照顾”； cultivate 指“培养”。
33. C
这个粗心的人因为超速收到了罚单。他不应该如此超速行驶的。结构题。此处表示对过去的虚拟， should 表示“应该”。
34. B
如果人们觉得没有希望了 , 他们就不耐烦去获取成功所需要的技能。词汇题。“获取技能”用 acquire skills ，是固定词组；且从句意上看，也不可能用 accumulate “积累”。
35. C
如果我曾经在学校努力学习 , 我现在就会在一个舒服的办公室中工作。结构题。这是复合式虚拟语气，前一个分句是对过去的虚拟，后一个分句是对现在情况的虚拟。
36. A
这个售货员因被控欺骗客户而被解雇。词组题。固定词组 be accused of 指“被控告”。
37. D
她所有的精力都集中在她的孩子身上，所以她没有一点时间做其他事情。词组题。固定词组 be focused on/upon 表示“集中，聚焦在”。
38. A
穿越山区的时候 , 所有的人都携带枪支以防遭到野生动物攻击。结构题。在 lest that 结构中，其后的从句应该使用虚拟语气，而且只能使用 should 。
39. B
每个人都有资格享有体面的生活和受教育的机会。词汇题。 entitle 表示“给…权利（或机会）”，符合句意。 attribute 指“属于”； identify 指“识别”； justify 指“证明…是正当的”。
40. C
他的妻子不停地挑剔他，使他非常生气。词组题。固定词组 find fault with sb. 表示“挑剔”。
41. D
维他命是身体需要量很少的合成物质。词汇题。 substance 表示“物质”，符合句意。 matter 指“事件，问题”； material 指“原料，材料”； particle 指“微粒”。
42. C
除了照顾她的孩子之外 , 她还得承担繁重的家务事，比如运水、运木柴。结构题。家务事是“费时的”，既然要花时间做家务，这个动作就是主动发出的，要用现在分词表示主动的和正在进行的。
43. D
安娜正在读一篇科幻小说 , 她完全对周围的世界不闻不问。词组题。固定用法 be lost to 表示“对……无动于衷”。
44. D
警察试图查明在交通意外事件中被杀的女人的身份。词汇题。 identity 表示“身份”，符合句意。 evidence 指“迹象，证据”； status 指“地位，状况”； recognition 指“公认，识别”。
45. A
所有的人在与他人谈话时都需要调节距离，以使双方有属于自己的舒适空间。词汇题。从句意分析，人与人谈话时要保持一定的“距离”以使双方都感到舒适。表示“距离”的词是 distance; 而 scope, range 和 boundary 都是“范围，疆界”的意思。
46. C
我们为广告客户计划了一项令人兴奋的广告宣传活动。词汇题。 advertiser 意为“做广告者，广告客户”，而 struggle, battle, conflict 都是“起争执”的意思，与 exciting 词义不符。 publicity campaign 意为“广告宣传活动”。
47. C
要不是有他们一组人帮忙 , 我们的调查不会成功。结构题。 but for 表示“要不是”，其后接虚拟语气，与句意相符。
48. D
虽然我们知道很多关于在睡眠期间会发生什么 , 但是睡眠的确切功能和它的不同阶段仍大多停留在假想。结构题。从句意分析，此处应该是转折关系，而非因果关系。 while 作为连词可以表示转折，指“虽然”。
49. D
约翰不相信传统医药；他有他自己的一些药物。词汇题。 conventional 指“惯例的，常规的”，符合句意。而 standard 指“标准的”； regular 指“规则的”； routine 指“例行公事”，名词。
50. A
由于航空公司之间的激烈竞争，旅行费用大大降低了。词汇题。 fierce 表示“激烈的”，符合句意。而 strained 指“紧张的”，常用来表示“关系”； eager 指“热心于”； critical 指“危急的”。
51. A
他们总是把空的位子给任何先来的人。结构题。根据句意，此处相当于“ those who ”，即“那些…的人”，在从句中 who 是主语， whoever 相当于“ those who ”的意思。
52. B
在非洲，教育费用对那些够幸运进入大学的人来说是非常低的。词汇题。 be enough to 结构表示“足够…（去做某事）。 fortunate 指“幸运的”，符合句意。而 ambitious 指“雄心勃勃的”； aggressive 指“好斗的”； substantial 指“坚固的”；均无法与句意相连。
53. C
王教授以他的见闻广博的演讲而闻名 , 受到他学生们的热烈欢迎。结构题。固定用法 known for 指“以…而闻名”，引导从句在句中作状语。
54. A
我们的经理现在正在拜访一个重要的客户，他今天下午将会回来。词组题。 call on 表示“访问”，符合句意。而 call in 指“召集”； call up 指“召唤，打电话给”； call for 指“提倡”。
55. C
消防车一定有优先权，因为它通常要处理某些紧急状况。词汇题。消防车要处理的是“紧急情况，突然事件”，即 emergency 。而 precaution 指“预防，警惕”； crisis 指“危机”； urgency 指“紧急”。
56. A
他说驾驶者一定出了意外；否则他这个时候应该到达了。结构题。 would 后接现在完成时表示虚拟，说话人是对当时情况的虚拟，而句子时态是过去时，因此要用完成时表示过去。
57. A
电影对范围广泛的人类品性和情感有深刻的洞察力。词汇题。对“人类品性和情感”的理解应是用智力而不是视力观察的， insight 表示“洞察力”，符合句意。 fancy 指“想象力”； imagination 指想象； outlook 指“见解”。
58. C
现在是结束这种行为的适当时机。结构题。在 it is high time that 结构中，从句应该使用虚拟语气，而且不论人称，一律使用 were 。
59. C
只要公共交通费用更合理，都市的拥挤状况将大大改善。词汇题。 fare 指“车费，交通费”，符合 transport 的意思；其余选项 fee 指“专业费用”； payment 指“报酬”； cost 指“成本”。
60. C
医生一时几乎丧失希望，但是病人最后苏醒过来了。词组题。固定词组 pull through 指“（艰难）通过，苏醒”，符合句意。
Part Ⅳ Cloze
【短文大意】
语言是使用符号化的语声的信号系统，是人们为达到交流的目的而使用的。人与动物的主要区别就是人类有语言。其它动物当然也能发声，比如向同伴示警的叫声等。但是与人类的语言所不同的是，动物的叫声不能清晰地表达思想和情感。也就是说，它们的叫声缺乏语言结构，而正是因为有了语言结构，人类才能将说话声划分成字词。所以，动物能传递的信号是有限的，而且意思非常相近。
61.B
词义辨析题。根据第一段对 language 的描述，可以判断这是“定义”，下文要对这个定义进一步详述。 definition 意为“定义”。而 classification 指“分类”，第一段并没有类别之分； function 指“功用”，第一段的后一个分句是提到语言的功用，但前一句是主体，是下文讨论的中心； perception 指“理解”。
62. A 结构题。此处应该与前面的 it is 相联系，构成的是强调句结构，重点指出“是语言而不是其他东西”。
63. D
判断题。根据下文将动物的叫声与人类的语言进行区别的讲述，并根据下一段开头出现的 other animals ，可以判断此处是指“…将人类从动物世界中区分出来”。 native 指“自然的”， physical 指“物质的”，都不能引起下文；而 human 指人类自身，无法比较。
64. B
固定搭配题。 by means of 是固定词组，指“依靠”。下文出现有 various means ，可以前后呼应。
65. C
句意辨析题。根据后面 the approach of danger “逼近的危险”判断，鸟发出鸣叫是为了示警。因此用 warning “警告”。
66. C
句意辨析题。从 such as “举例说明”应能判断，作者想说明的是猴子叫声的“不同”的作用，用 different 表示“不同的”。
67. A
句意辨析题。本句意为“但是这些各式各样的交流方法与人类的语言有很大的不同”。这里应该是语气上的转折，而不是递近关系。
68. C
固定搭配题。 differ...from... 是固定搭配，表示“与…不同”。
69. D
词义辨析题。句意为“动物的叫声不能清晰地表达思想和情感”。 express 用于“表达”思想和情感。 infer 指“推断”， interpret 指“通译”， explain 指“说明”。
70. B
句意辨析题。句意为“…这种语言结构使我们能够将说话声划分成字”。 enable 意为“使能够”。
71. C
词义辨析题。句意同上题。将人的说话声划分成能够表达意思的小块，应该是指“字、词”。 sound 和 voice 都是指“声音”，与 utterance 区别不大；而 speech 指“演讲”，与句意不符。
72. A
判断题。下文的意思是：“替换”一句话中的一个词就能改变想表达的意思。这样，此处应该是“替换”之意，所以用 replace 。
73. C
判断题。句意同上题。既然替换的是“一个词”，那就用“另一个”词，即 another 。
74. D 句意辨析题。句意是“或者他也可以换另一个词，（表达的意思就改变了）”。此处应该是选择关系，而不是并列关系，或转折、递近关系。
75. C
结构题。这是非限制性定语从句，应使用 which 做引导词。
76. C
词义辨析题。文章一开始就指出 A language is a signaling system. 而 signal 指的是“信号”。这里说的是“动物能发出的信号有限”。 sign 指“标记，符号”； gesture 指“姿态，手势”； mark 指“标志，记号”。
77. A
固定搭配题。 a case in point 是固定搭配，表示“恰当的例子”。
78. A
句意辨析题。句意是“山雀只有大约 20 种不同的叫声，而人类语言所能表达的意思是无穷尽的。”此处明显是转折关系，而非因果或并列关系。 whereas 意为“然而”。
79. C
词义辨析题。句意同上题。 limitless 指“无限的”； boundless 指“无边无际的”； changeable 指“可改变的”； ceaseless 指“不停的”。
80. D 文章内容理解题。句意为“这也解释了为什么动物的叫声在意义上具有一般性”。文章从一开始就在讲人类语言和动物语言的区别，人类的语言变幻无穷而动物中具代表性的山雀也只能发出约 20 种叫声。这句话是对上文内容的一个对比总结， alike 意为“相似的”，而 common 指“共同的”， ordinary “普通的”。
Part Ⅴ Writing
写作指导
写文章之前，应该先花上一分钟时间好好地审一下题。这是一篇命题作文，题目是 It Pays to Be Honest 。其中 pay to 意为“有利，值得”。因此文章应围绕“做人诚实非常值得”这一主题展开。在指令中给了中文提纲，所以按照提纲，第一段应介绍当前社会存在着许多不诚实的现象，如商人卖假货欺骗顾客，学生考试作弊欺骗老师等等，同时在这一段应表明自己对这种现象的反感。第二段提出观点诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实。并用具体的例子来说明这一点，例子可以是正面的，也可以是反面的。如范文中用的就是“狼来了”的反面例子。 最后，结尾应强调做人应该诚实，这是人的基本素质。
It Pays to Be Honest
From the mass media and also with our own eyes, we know much dishonest behaviour existed in our society. For example, businessmen sell fake products to cheat their customers; students copy other one ' s homework or download illicit paper from Internet to cheat their teachers; and even worse, there are medical person produce fake medicine harming the patients. Seeing our society is filled with so many dishonest phenomena, I can ' t help asking myself what ' s wrong with us ?
When we were very young we were taught the importance of being honest. I am sure everyone must still remember that story “ wolf is coming ” . In the story the child kept cheating other people that wolf was coming, but when the wolf really came, nobody trusted his words and he finally suffered his own dishonesty. Also we have heard many stories that people benefit from their virtues of honesty.
So since we have already known being honest benefit both ourselves and other people, why many of us are still dishonest? I hope everyone to bear in mind that being honest is the basic quality of human being and then we won ' t be afraid of any “ wolf ” . | 
