Unit Two
Indirect Choice 间接选择(二)
一、听力目标
本单元着重训练“逻辑推理题”。所谓“逻辑推理题”指在对话和短文中没有给出直接答案,只给出了一些线索,需要听者根据这些线索推导出正确答案的题型。这是一种较难的题型。本单元归纳了这种题型在考试中可能涉及到的各个方面,希望通过练习,提高做这种题的正确率。
二、听前指导
根据逻辑推理选择答案一般有下列几种情况:
1.对话或短文中出现了与答案相关的词,通过这些词可以推断出答案。比如:
M: Let’s have a look at the menu. They have got sliced pork with tomato sauce and cabbage soup.
W: Really? Sliced pork with tomato sauce is one of my favorite dishes.
Q: Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a classroom.B. In a dining hall.C. In a clinic.
D. In a library.
在对话中出现了这样一些词:menu(菜单)、sliced pork with tomato sauce(蕃茄酱炒肉片)、cabbage soup(白菜汤)和dish(菜),只要听出了这些词,即使没有听懂对话的其它内容,也可推断出对话是发生在餐厅,而不会是在教室,诊所或图书馆。这样就找出了正确答案B。2.有些句式是在某种场合使用的典型句式,有时可根据对话或短文中出现的这种典型句式来判断答案。如:
M: Hello. May I speak to Professor Wang, please?
W: Please hold the line.
Q: What are they doing?
A. Making a phone call.
B. Having dinner.
C. Doing morning exercises.
D. Having a meeting.
这个对话中出现了两个打电话时用的典型句式:May I speak to...(请找……接电话)和Please hold the line.(请别挂断或请稍等)。通过这两个句式就可断定他们是在打电话,因此答案是A。
3. 对话或短文中出现了几个数字,需要通过简单的运算才能得出答案。如:
M: The English Evening will begin at seven. We’d better be hurry.
W: OK. We have to get there half an hour early to arrange the seats.
Q: When will they get there?
A. At seven.
B. At half past seven.
C. At half past six.
D. At half past five.
对话中出现了两个时间,怎样通过这两个时间得出问题所要
求的时间呢?这就要搞清楚这两个时间的关系。第一时间是这样出现的:The English Evening will begin at seven. 第二个时间是:We have to get there half an hour early.那么到达那里的时间就应该是seven减去半个小时,那就是half past six,这样答案就出来了。4. 根据对话或短文的情节发展,上下文的逻辑关系或生活常识推断出答案。如:
God was angry with Adam and Eve. He said, “Leave the garden. You cannot stay here.” When Adam and Eve left the Garden of Eden, they had their first experience of hard work in the cold hard world outside.
Q: What kind of life did Adam and Eve live in the Garden of Eden?
A. They lived with hard work.
B. They lived without hard work.
C. They lived in a cold!hard world.
D. They lived a wretched life.
从短文中的“they had their first experience of hard work in the cold hard worl
d outside.”可以推断他们以前的生活中没有“hard work”,因为这是他们的“first exp
erience”。通过这样的推理,就可以找出答案B。
三、听力训练
最新四级考试听力全真模拟题
Directions: In this section,you will hear 10 short conversations.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A.,B),C) and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
1.A.A box of match.B.A matchmaking.
C.A sport match.D.A commentator.
2.A.An interview conversation.
B.A telephone conversation.
C.A facetoface talk.D.A meeting.
3.A.Elven. B.One. C.Five. D.Six.
4.A.Yes,she can.B.No,she can’t.
C.Yes,but she must wash her face first.
D.No,she has no time.
5.A.Five years.B.Four years.
C.Three years.D.Two years.
6.A.To a restaurant.B.To a party.
C.To the movies.D.To a departmentstore.
7.A.In a waitingroom.B.In a hospital.
C.At the postoffice.D.In a hotel.
8.A.In twelve months.B.In about thirty days.
C.One month from now.D.She hasn’t decided yet.
9.A.Go to a movie.B.Go shopping.
C.Go fishing.D.Go to a party.
10.A.Eighteen dollars.B.Five dollars.
C.Twenty one dollars.D.Sixteen dollars.
Directions: In this section,you will hear 3 short passage.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.
11.A.Money inside it.
B.The words WILL YOU HELP.
C.A slit.
D.It must be white.
12.A.He opened it last Friday.
B.Every Friday.
C.It is full,so he opens it.
D.Every three months.
13.A.Because there is a table there.
B.Because the club won’t let him leave it in any other place.
C.Because the doorman can look after it there.
D.Because people are always coming and going;and they see it easily there.
14.A.The Monta Sports Club.B.Wilfred.
C.Poor sportsmen.D.The postoffice.
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Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.
15.A.Because the Sun’s light is much stronger.
B.Because we can’t look at the sky.
C.Because our daytime is the stars’ nighttime.
D.Because they are not in the sky.
16.A.Red.B.Yellow.C.White.D.Blue.
17.A.As giants.B.As dwarfs.
C.As points of light.D.As suns.
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Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
18.A.Five o’clock.B.Seventhiety.
C.Ten o’clock.D.Eleven O’clock.
19.A.1.25.B.1.50.C.2.00.D.2.50.
20.A.At two o’clock.B.At twothirty.
C.At five o’clockD.At six o’clock.
答案部分
1.答案C。
【试题分析】 本题考查考生是否理解全篇对话。
【关键词语】 commentary,match.
【详细解答】 the woman虽然没去看比赛,但她听了赛况的评论,可知他们是在谈论a sport
match,故选C。另外,A项中的match指火柴;B项中matchmaking则是“做媒”或“安排比赛”。
2.答案B。
【试题分析】 本题考查对对话场景的推测。
【关键词语】 Two six two four three double four,Charles Farmer speaking,it’s Joan
Joan cook.
【详细解答】 the man首先报了自己的电话号码,这是西方打电话的一
种方式。从文中speaking一词也可看出这是在打电话。A表示采访对话,C表示面对面的谈话,D表示一场会议,故选B。
3.答案C。
【试题分析】 本题考查考生对对话大意的理解。
【关键词语】 have written,five books.
【详细解答】 the man说他已经写了五本书,用的是现在完成时态,the
woman说他本应该写六本的,但问题是:这个男的已经写了几本书?故选C。
4.答案A。
【试题分析】 本题考查考生对对话含义的理解。
【关键词语】 OK,must wash the dishes first.
【详细解答】 the woman对the man提出的建议给予了肯定的回答,但同
时又说自己必须先把盘子给洗了。故选A。
5.答案D。
【试题分析】 本题考查对数字的掌握和对对话含义的理解。
【关键词语】 in a college for two years,worked there for three years.
【详细解答】 the woman在大学里学了两年中文,然后又在中国工作了
三年,但这并不代表她又学了三年中文,故应选D。
6.答案D。
【试题分析】 本题考查对信息的理解。
【关键词语】 go shopping,certainly,shopping basket.
【详细解答】 the man想去购物,当然是去商店或超市等,the woman也
同意一同前往,故应选D。
7.答案B。
【试题分析】 本题考查考生对地点的推测。
【关键词语】 a thorough check,open your mouth,show me your tongue.
【详细解答】 从the man所说的几句话中可判断他是一个医生,the woman是患者,故选B。
8.答案A。
【试题分析】 本题考查对信息细节的理解。
【关键词语】 arrived one month ago,stay here for one year.
【详细解答】 the woman回答她是1个月前到达美国的,并且她还将在这
里呆上一年,也就是一年后离开美国。故选A。
9.答案D。
【试题分析】 本题考查对信息的掌握。
【关键词语】 go shopping,to fishing,go to a movie.
【详细解答】 the woman度周末有三种方式:购物,钓鱼,看电影,故
选D。
10.答案A。
【试题分析】 本题考查对数字的理解。
【关键词语】 save five dolars,only twentyone dollars,eighteen
dollar blouse.
【详细解答】 the woman想买一件小号的衣服,她让the man给她看一看那件18美元的衣服,故选A。
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11.答案A。
【试题分析】 本题考查对内容的理解。
【关键词语】 The slit was for money.
【详细解答】 Wilfred做了一个moneybox为了收集钱,故一个money
box里面经常有钱。
12.答案B。
【试题分析】 本题考查对细节的理解。
【关键词语】 Every Friday evening he opens the box.
【详细解答】 从文中可知每周五晚上,Wilfred都会打开the moneybox故选B。
13.答案D。
【试题分析】 本题考查考生的推断能力。
【关键词语】 inside the door.
【详细解答】 Wilfred把moneybox放在离门很近的一张桌子上,是为
了让人们能很容易地看到它。故选D。
14.答案B。
【试题分析】 本题考查对整体文章的理解。
【关键词语】 The money went into Wilfred’s pocket.
【详细解答】 Wilfred将moneybox里的钱都放到自己的口袋中,并且
他说“I’m not a rich man,and the box is mine.”故可知人们其实帮助的是wilfred。
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15.答案A。
【试题分析】 本题考查对细节的推断。
【关键词语】 The stars are not near.
【详细解答】 星星离我们很远,太阳离我们较近,白天由于强烈的太阳
光使我们看不见星星,故选A。
16.答案D。
【试题分析】 本题是对细节的考查。
【关键词语】 The hottest stars are the blue ones.
【详细解答】 从以上关键词可看出应选D。
17.答案C。
【试题分析】 本题考查对细节的掌握。
【关键词语】 many points of light in the sky.
【详细解答】 文中第二句就提到我们看到的星星都是一个个的光点。故选C。
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18.答案C。
【试题分析】 本题考查对细节的掌握。
【关键词语】 continuous showings at 2:30,5:00,7:30,10:00.
【详细解答】 从以上关键词中可知最后一场电影放映时间为10.00,故
选C。
19.答案A。
【试题分析】 本题考查对数字的理解。
【关键词语】 twofifty for adults,half price for children under 16.
【详细解答】 成人票价为2.50,16岁以下的儿童票价是成人票价的一
半,故选A。
20.答案A。
【试题分析】 本题考查细节的把握。
【关键词语】 the theatre will be open at two o’clock.
【详细解答】 文中最后提到剧场将会在两点钟开门,故应选A。