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1. Hydrogen is the _______ element of the universe in that it provides the building blocks from which the other element are produced.

A) steadiest B) lightest C) final D) fundamental

2. The primary criterion for judging a school is its recent performance: critics are _______ to extend credit for earlier victories.

A) prone B) reluctant C) willing D) eager

3. The results of the experiments performed by them were _______ not only because these results challenged old assumptions but also because they called the prevailing methodology into question.

A) provocative B) predictable C) confirmed D) conclusive

4. Despite the _______ of many of their colleagues, some scholars have begun to emphasize “pop culture” as a key for interpreting myths, hopes, and fears of contemporary society.

A) support B) enthusiasm C) skepticism D) sympathy

5. Rather than enhancing a country’s security, the successful development of nuclear weapons could serve at first to increase the country’s _______ .

A) boldness B) influence C) responsibility D) vulnerability

6. It comes as no surprise that societies have codes of behavior; the character of the codes, on the other hand, can often be _______ .

A) predictable B) unexpected C) explicit D) confusing

7. Although ancient tools were _______ preserved, enough have survived to allow us to demonstrate an occasionally interrupted but generally continual progress through prehistory.

A) partially B) perfectly C) rarely D) superficially

8 Natural selection tends to eliminate genes that causes inherited diseases, acting most strongly against the most severe diseases; consequently, hereditary diseases that are fatal would be expected to be very _______ , but , surprisingly, they are not.

A) dangerous B) rare C) prevalent D) acute

9. Unfortunately, his damaging attacks on the impacts of the economic policy have been _______ by his wholehearted acceptance of that policy’s underlying assumptions.

A) supplemented B) undermined C) confirmed D) wasted

10. The sheer diversity of tropical plants represents a seemingly _______ source of raw materials, of which only a few have been utilized.

A) remarkable B) valuable C) inexhaustible D) controversial

11. Social tensions among adult groups can be adjusted by politics, but adolescents and children have no such _______ for resolving their conflict with the exclusive world of adults.

A) justification B) desire C) mechanism D) willingness

12. Since she believe him to be both straightforward and trustworthy, she refused to consider the possibility that his statement had been _______ .

A) irrelevant B) authentic C) critical D) insincere

13 In order to support her theory that the reactions are ______, the scientists conducted many experiments, all of which showed that the heat of the first reaction is more than twice that of the second.

A) constant B) valuable C) different D) problematic

13. Current data suggest that, although _______ states between fear and aggression exist, fear and aggression are as distinct physiologically as they are psychologically.

A) exceptional B) abnormal C) transitional D) serious

14. As for the alleged value of expert opinion, one need only consult government records to see _______ evidence of the failure of such opinions in many fields.

A) questionable B) possible C) little D) strong

15. In scientific inquiry it becomes a matter of duty to expose a _______ hypothesis to every possible kind of examination.

A) tentative B) temporary C) firm D) logical

16. Philosophical problems arise when people ask questions that, though very _______ , have certain characteristics in common.

A) relevant B) elementary C) abstract D) diverse

17. Observable as a tendency of our culture is a _______ of belief in psychoanalysis: we no longer feel that it can solve our emotional problems.

A) defense B) withdrawal C) failure D) restoration

18. The advocates of recombinant DNA research have decided to _______ federal regulation of their work; they hope that by making this compromise they can prevent proposed state and local controls that might be even stiffer.

A) protest B) deny C) encourage D) disregard

19. Some scientists argue that carbon compounds play such a central role in life on Earth because of the possibility of _______ resulting from the carbon atom’s ability to form an unending series of different molecules.

A) deviation B) stability C) reproduction D) variety

20. Opponents of the expansion of the market economy, although in _______ , continued to constitute a powerful force throughout the century.

A) error B) retreat C) command D) effect

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