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《TOEFL677揭秘》作文结构
文章来源: 文章作者: 发布时间:2006-05-22 字体: [ ]

结构是你作文中最重要的部分。评分者会扫描你文章中的结构,并判断是否具有标准的格式和标准的逻辑过渡。

作文中常用套句

下文中出现的A,B,“…"(某事物),“sb"( somebody),

要在写作中要根据上下文进行适当替换。

开头:

When it comes to …, some think …

There is a public debate today that …

A is a common way of …, but is it a wise one?

Recently the problem has been broughtsintosfocus.

提出观点:

Now there is a growing awareness that…

It is time we explore the truth of …

Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible.

进一步提出观点:

… but that is the only part of the history.

Another equally important aspect is …

A is but one of the many effects. Another is …

Besides, other reasons are…

提出假想例子的方式:

Suppose that…

Just imagine what would be like if…

It is reasonable to expect…

It is not surprising that…

举普通例子:

For example(instance),…

… such as A,B,C and so on (so forth)

A good case in point is…

A particular example for this is…

引用:

One of the greatest early writers said …

“Knowledge is power", such is the remark of …

“……". That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise…).

“……". How often we hear such words like there.

讲故事(先说故事主体),this story is not rare

…, such dilemma we often meet in daily life

…, the story still has a realistic significance.

提出原因:

There are many reasons for …

Why … , for one thing,…

The answer to this problem involves many factors.

Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves …

The first reason can be obliviously seen.

Most people would agree that…

Some people may neglect that in fact …

Others suggest that…

Part of the explanation is …

进行对比:

The advantages for A outweigh the disadvantages of…

Although A enjoys a distinct advantage …

Indeed , A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned.

A maybe … , but it suffers from the disadvantage that…

承上启下:

To understand the truth of …, it is also important to see…

A study of … will make this point clear

让步:

Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as…

I do not deny that A has its own merits.

结尾:

From what has been discussed above, we may safely drawthe conclusion that …

In summary, it is wiser …

In short…

连接词的妙

用连词例子:

(1)表示时间与频率的词汇:in general, every, some, after, on the whole, usually, most, at other times, in most cases, frequently, main, finally, as a rule, rarely, before, meanwhile.

(2)表示附加的词:additionally, as well as, just as, again, along with, also, further, furthermore, likewise, in the same manner, in the same way, in addition to,

(3)引出例子:for example, namely, for instance, as an example, that is

(4)表示转折:although, instead, rather than, but, nevertheless, though, however, on the other hand, otherwise

(5)得出结论:all in all, in consequence, in brief, as a result, the point is, in conclusion, therefore, hence, in sum.

模板

(1)介绍性段落(2-4句)确保使文章的开头段落简洁,有效和具有说服力。以下是介绍性段落应该具备的内容:

简单解析作文题目。

表现出你已经理解了这个题目(比如,通过分别阐述双方观点)。

在该问题上表明你的观点立场(但还不到需要细节的时候)。

开头段落较简单的模板(2句):

a) Whether______ depends on______b) (插入你的观点),______.

(2)第一个主体段落(3-5句)

开始阐述你最重要的理由,同时举一两个例子支持来佐证:

a) The chief reason for my view is______.

b) For example,______.

c) Moreover, ______.

d) Finally,______.

(3)第二个主体段落

用第二个理由来展开你的观点。至少引用一个例子来让明你的理由。

表述你的第二个理由(只要一个)。

提供推理或者证据支持这个理由。

以下是第二个主体段落的模板样本:

a) Another reason for my view is______.

b) Specifically,______.

c) The result is,______.

(4)第三个主体段落(可有可无)在这一段,你可以提出一个相反的观点或者推理,然后反驳它进一步加强你的观点,这就是以退为进的战术。

承认可能存在着一个不同的观点或者相反的推理。

为这个不同的观点提供推理或者例子。

反驳它。

以下是该段的模板:

a) Some might argue, ______.

b) Yet,______.

c) others might cite,______.

d) However, ______.

(5)结论性段落在这一段,你用1-3句话对你的观点作一个总结:

阐述你的观点。

简单地重述你在主体段落里的理由。

在结论段落中,你不要提供新的信息或者理由,这里不是推出新结论的地方。

a) In sum, I concur that ______.

b) However,______; on the whole______.

介绍

结构是你作文中最重要的部分。评分者会扫描你文章中的结构,并判断是否具有标准的格式和标准的逻辑过渡。

开头/结论这两部分有效地提示了文章的结构和思路轨迹。

段落数:为了取悦评分者,你的作文应该有4至5段:开头,结论和三个“主体”段。每个段落大概包含2-5句(整篇文章300-400字)。

关于模板

这里的模板只起指导作用,你不一定严格照搬。为了迎合你的推理需要,你可以作一些修改。

以上每段的句子个数只是参考,具体要看你的文章内容多少而定。我们在模板中所用的过渡语句简洁单一,你可以借鉴使用。当然,在模板中“填空”时,你也可以自己的思路灵活变通。

 


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