D. This method is very effective and easy to insist on--interpreting Chinese-English novels or books. First we read the Chinese parts and then try to interpret them into English and then compare our interpretation with the original versions in the novels or books so that we can find out the mistakes, shortcomings and progresses in our interpretation.

　　这种方法非常有效且很容易坚持---口译汉英对照(或英汉对照)的小说或其它读物。首先我们先读汉语部分,然后逐句直接口译成英文,完成一小段后,去看书上的对应英文部分并与我们的口译进行比较,我们马上可以发现我们口译的错误,缺点和进步。

　　请注意:开始要选择较简单的读物。

　　这样作的好处:

　　1. 自己就可以练习口语,想练多久,就练多久。

　　2. 始终有一位高级教师指出您的不足和错误---英文原文。

　　3. 题材范围极广,可以突破我们自己的思维禁锢,比如我们总是喜欢谈论我们自己熟悉的话题,所以我们总是在练习相同的语言,进步当然就缓慢了。

　　4. 选择小说,幽默故事或好的短文阅读,使我们有足够的兴趣坚持下去。

　　5. 有一些我们在直接学习英语课文时被我们熟视无睹的地道的英语用法会被此法发掘出来。

　　6. 对所学知识和所犯错误印象深刻.这等于我们一直在作汉译英练习,很多英文译文是我们费尽心思憋出来的,所以印象相当深刻.比直接学习英文课文印象要深的多。

　　E. Interpreting what you hear---Changing Roles: Three people make a group: one speaks Chinese, one speaks English acting as the foreigner, one acts as interpreter. Then change roles. This is a good interpreting training method and is good for studying from one another. In addition, it may improve the responding ability and speed of students. The advanced stage of this method is simultaneous interpretation.

　　听译法-角色互换:三人一组,模拟翻译实战。一人将汉语,一人将英语,扮演老外,一人作翻译。练习一段时间后互换角色。这是一种非常好的翻译训练方法,也是很好的相互学习,取长补短的方法。而且可大大提高反应速度和能力。此法的高级阶段为同声传译,我们可以在听广播或看电视或开会时,把所听内容口译英文。

　　F. Oral composition and 3-minute training method: This method is suitable for intense training. Making an oral composition about a certain topic for one minute the first time and record the composition on tape at the same time. Then listen to the composition and find out the room for improvement. Then make the same composition for two minutes for the second time and also record it. And at last repeat the above-mentioned for three minutes.

　　口语作文和3分钟训练法:此法适用于强化训练。找好一个题目作一分钟的口语作文,同时将其录音。听录音,找出不足和错误,就此题目再作两分钟的的口语作文,同样录音,再听并找出不足与进步,继续作三分钟口语作文。这是高级口语训练,效果不俗。

　　G. Retelling exercise: Retell some articles or English stories in our own words.

　　复述练习:用自己的话口语复述我们所听的英语故事或文章。

　　H. If possible, we may read some English tongue twisters loudly and quickly with one or two cakes of candy in our mouth (just as the Chinese cross-talk actors do.) to train our oral cavity muscle and tongues suitable for English pronunciation.

　　如果可能我们也可以大声且快速朗读英文绕口令(就象相声演员练嘴),还可以同时口中含块糖以加大强化训练的力度。这样来强我们的口腔肌肉迅速适应英文发音,使我们的口语相当流利,清晰,而且还有自信。例如:

　　A big black bug bit the back of a big black bear. The big black bear bit back the big black bug.

　　This fish has a thin fin; That fish has a fat fin;

　　This fish is a fish that has a thinner fin than that fish.

　　I Paying more attention to phrases and small words as one major shortcoming of Chinese English (especially Chinese oral English) is that Chinese students tend to use big words in their oral language, but the idiomatic oral English is abundant with short, active and vivid phrases. And most of such phrases are made of small words.

　　特别注意短语(词组)和小词的运用,中国式的英语尤其是口语一个很大的缺点就是中国学生喜欢用大词,而真正地道的英语口语确是充满着短小,活泼,生动的短语,富有生气。而这些短语大部分有小词构成。

　　J. Oral English has its own features, but it is closely combined with other aspects of English, for example, writing may make oral English precise and accurate.

　　口语随自有特色,但与英语的其它方面紧密相连。比如,经常练习写作,可是口语精密,准确。