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牛津淘金式分频语境记忆6级
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发布时间:2006-06-13
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牛津淘金式分频语境记忆6级 Lesson 1 Master payrare master9n. 主人,控制者;艺术大师,名家;能手,熟练工人v. 精通,掌握adj.主要的;精通的 语境记忆A great master is a person who can find beauty in the common sights. 大师就是能够在普通的东西中发现美的人。 Money is good servant but a bad master. 金钱是一把双刃剑。 It is impossible for average workers to master those hightechnology skills easily. 对于普通工人来讲,轻松掌握那些高等技术是不可能的。 搭 配be master of oneself 能控制自己的感情 be master of 掌握,控制 be master in one’s own house 自己当家作主 辨 异master(主人)→servant(仆人) host(主人)→guest(客人)payvt. 支付,付出;给予(注意),进行(访问等)n. 工资,薪水vi.付款;值得;付出代价,受到惩罚 语境记忆It’s difficult to make sheep farming pay here. 养羊业在这里难有收益。 搭 配pay for 花钱买……,付款 pay back 还钱,偿还,报复 pay off 偿还清,使受益,有报偿 pay up 全部付清,还清rareadj. 稀奇的,少有的,少见的;稀薄的,稀疏的;珍奇的;(肉)煎得嫩的 语境记忆The panda is now a rare animal. 熊猫现在是稀有动物。 Certain rare wild animals that are going to be extinct should be collected, fed and reproduced artificially. 有些濒临灭绝的珍稀野生动物应该被收捕、人工喂养及繁殖。 shameabandonacknowledge辨 异rare, occasional, infrequent: rare稀有的,不常发生的; occasional 没有规律地偶然发生的; infrequent 发生的时间间隔很长的。shamevt. 玷辱,使羞愧,使丢脸n.羞耻;可耻的人;遗憾的事,可惜 语境记忆Mr Schroeder said: “We cannot change history, but this country can learn a lot from the deepest shame of our history.” 施罗德说:“我们无法改变历史,但我们的国家可以从历史上最深的耻辱中学会很多。” It is not shame for a man to learn that which he knows not,whatever his age. 一个人不论年龄多大,都要学习自己不懂的东西,这不是羞耻。 搭 配feel shame at 因……而感到羞愧 to one’s shame 自觉惭愧地 put to shame 使脸红 in shame 由于害羞 记忆方法ashamed adj. 感到羞愧的 shameful adj. 导致羞耻的,可耻的 shameless adj. 无耻的,厚颜的abandon6vt. 离弃,抛弃;放弃 语境记忆Don’t abandon your dreams. 不要放弃你的梦想。 A new survey showed that British men are abandoning their stiff upper lips. 一项新的调查显示,英国男性正在不断抛弃他们不愿流露感情的性格特点。 搭 配abandon oneself to纵情,沉溺于 with abandon 放任地,放纵地,纵情地 abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事acknowledge7v. 承认;告知收到(信件);致谢,鸣谢 语境记忆Many residents acknowledge the resort is not looking its best. 许多居民承认这个海滨胜地现在的情况并不是最理想的。 It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。 bumpcircuitcomplainconventional辨 异acknowledge, admit, confess: acknowledge 指违背个人意愿,被迫做出的承认; admit 指对原来想否认或推脱的事大胆地承认; confess 袒露对某人不利或有损的事。bump3v. 撞击,碰击;颠簸n. 肿块,瘤;隆起物;碰撞 语境记忆The passengers felt a violent bump as the plane landed. 飞机着陆时,乘客感到猛烈的冲撞。 This is where a magnetic field changes shape and bumps into itself. 这就是磁场改变了形状然后向本身内部撞击。 搭 配bump into 碰见,与……相撞 bump up 突然增加,提高 circuitn.电路,线路;巡回,环行 语境记忆She ran four circuits of the track. 她在跑道上跑了四圈。 搭 配be on circuit 在巡回当中(on后不加冠词) complain10vi. (与of,about连用)抱怨,诉苦;投诉,控告 语境记忆You’re always complaining! 你总是发牢骚! Many city residents complain that it is too few buses in their city. 许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少。 搭 配complain of (about)sth. doing sth. complain to sb. about sth.向某人抱怨(投诉)某事conventional14adj.普通的,常见的;习惯的,常规的 语境记忆The conventional wisdom is that high wage rises increase inflation. 人们普遍认同的看法是工资增长过快会加剧通货膨胀。 destructionn.破坏,毁坏 语境记忆Vito realises that the things he did to protect his family sowed the seeds of its destruction. 维多意识到他为保护他的家族所做的事已播下了毁灭的种子。 destructionemergencyfunctionidentifyemergency7n.紧急情况,突然事件 语境记忆The Asian Development Bank (ADB) said it would set up a 600milliondollar fund to deliver prompt emergency funding to Asian countries hit by the Indian Ocean tsunamis in December. 亚洲开发银行宣布它将设立总值6亿美元的亚洲海啸基金,以便为去年年底遭受印度洋海啸之灾的亚洲国家提供紧急资金援助。 辨 异emergency,crisis: emergency强调紧急情况,不测事件; crisis强调某事物或情况生死攸关。 记忆方法emergent adj. 新兴的functionn. 功能,机能;职务,职责;(数)函数vi. 运行,起作用 语境记忆The function of the heart is to pump blood through the body. 心脏的功能是把血液输往全身。 Another equally important function of advertising is to inform. 广告另一同样重要的作用是提供信息。 辨 异function, action: function主要指身体各种器官的“功能、作用”;action也可作“作用”,一般指物理的、化学的作用等。 记忆方法functional adj. 机能的,在起作用的identify4vt.认出,鉴定,鉴别;等同,混为一谈 vi.(with)认同 语境记忆I found it hard to identify with any of the characters in the film. 我对这部影片里的任何角色都难以认同。 It is a mistake to identify beauty with wisdom. 把美丽和智慧等同是错误的。 搭 配identify…with…把……与……等同,与……混为一谈 记忆方法identity n.相同,一致,身份;identical adj.完全相同的;identification n.身份证,一体化jailn. 监狱vt. 监禁 语境记忆 Today, the former Iraqi leader sits in a jail cell in the Baghdad area. 如今,这位前伊拉克领导人呆在巴格达地区的一所监狱里。 jaillinenotionoptionreflectionline69n.线,绳子;路线,航线;行列,队伍;行业,职业;线条,轮廓v. 排列 语境记忆Line and colour are both important in portrait painting. 线条和色彩在肖像绘画中都很重要。 搭 配line up 站成一排;组织,安排 in line 成直线,成行 in line with 与……一致,按照notion6n.想法,看法,见解;观念,概念 语境记忆At midnight she had a sudden notion to go to the beach. 半夜里她突发奇想要去海滩。 These findings question the notion that women really are more intuitive than men. 这些发现质疑了女性直觉能力比男性强的看法。 搭 配have no notion of 不明白 have a notion that 认为 have a good notion of 很懂得option9n. 选择自由;可选择的事物;选择权,选择自由;可供选择的东西 语境记忆I have little option but to go. 我别无选择只好走。 搭 配make one’s option 进行选择 leave one’s options open 不表态 记忆方法optional adj. 选修的reflection7n. 反射,反映;映像,倒影;沉思,反省;非议,批评;反映,表达 语境记忆The dog barked at his reflection in the river. 那条狗对着河中自己的影子吠叫。 搭 配cast reflections on 说……的坏话 without reflection 轻率 on/upon reflection 再三考虑superficial3 adj. 表面的,表皮的,在表面上的;肤浅的,浅薄的 superficialsympathizetreatyundertakeunusualviolate语境记忆I have only a superficial knowledge of this subject. 我对这个问题仅略知皮毛。 sympathize vi. 同情,表示同情;同意,赞同 语境记忆We have long sympathized with the aims of the Green Party. 我们长期以来一直支持绿党保护生态环境的目标。 搭 配sympathize with 同情,支持 记忆方法sympathy n. 赞同,怜悯treaty1n. (国与国间的)条约;(人与人间的)协议,谈判 语境记忆 The Commission’s campaign ties in with a global antismoking treaty which came into force last Sunday. 欧委会的行动与上周日生效的烟草公约有密切的联系。 搭 配be in treaty with sb. for 与……谈判 make treaty 立约,订合同 be in treaty with 和……交涉中undertakevt.承担,答应,约定;保证,许诺,担保;开始,着手,进行,处理 语境记忆She undertook the organization of the whole scheme. 她负责整个计划的组织工作。 unusual8adj. 不寻常的,少见的,少有的;与众不同的,独有的,奇异的 语境记忆It requires a very unusual mind to undertake the analysis. 进行这项分析需要极不寻常的头脑。 violate2vt. 违犯,违反,违背;侵犯,侵害;亵渎 语境记忆You are being legitimately assertive when you stand up for your rights in such a way that the rights of others are not violated. 如果你在主张自己的权利时没有冒犯他人的权利,这种果敢自信就是正当的。 Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished. 那些违反交通规则的人应该受到处罚。 记忆方法violation n.违反;violator n.违反者 wagen. 工资,报酬vt. 进行,从事,开展 语境记忆 In recent years the cost of property compared with wages has risen enormously. 近些年来,与人们的工资水平相比,物价上涨速度非常快。 搭 配wage war on/against 向……发动战争 living wage 最低的生活费 incentive wage 计价工资 辨 异wage, salary: wage工资,指体力劳动所挣的周薪,常用复数; salary薪水,指隔较长时间支付的专业性工作的固定报酬,一般指非体力劳动雇员的,通常按月发。wage (说明:本书此部分均为历年四六级考题,不一一标出年份。) 1.Anyone not paying the registration fee by the end of this month will beto have withdrawn from the program. A. contemplatedB. deemedC. acknowledgedD. anticipated 2.Call your doctor for advice if the_____ persist for more than a few days. A. responses B. signals C. symptoms D. reflections 3.The search for the lost car waswhen night came. A.scatteredB.vanishedC.abandonedD.abashed 4.His long service with the company waswith a present. A.admittedB.attributedC.acknowledgedD.accepted 5.A clumsy person tends to knock things down orinto things. A.bumpB.buzzC.broodD.bunch 6.The doctor was asked to go back to the hospital because ofcase. A.an operation B.an emergency C.a treatmentD.an incident 7.I felt sorry that he had thethat I was cheating him. A.motiveB.notification C.notionD.nightmare 8.I have no but to listen to my boss. A.privilegeB.respectC.priorityD.option 9.As you have seen,the value of a nation’s currency is aof its economy. A.reactionB.reflectionC.responseD.revelation 10.A friendship may be , casual, situational or deep and lasting. A.identicalB.originalC.superficialD.critical 1.近义词辨析。正确选项be deemed to do sth常出现在法律 、规定等文本中,意思是“被假定认为”。其它三个词多用于主动语态,意思分别是:A.思索;C.承认;D.预见。 2. 这是一道关于名词的辨析题。A.response 回想,反响;B.signal 信号;D.reflection 反映,反思。三项均不符合题意。C.symptom 症状。 3.abandoned 被放弃的;scattered 分散,驱散;vanished 消失;abashed 使羞愧;题意为“当夜色降临,人们放弃寻找丢失的汽车”。 4.admit 承认;attribute 把……归因于;accept 接受。三项均不合题意,只能选acknowledge 感谢。 5.bump 碰撞,颠簸,常与 into 或 against 搭配;buzz (使)嗡嗡响;brood 想,沉思,担忧;与 on,over,about 搭配,bunch成束,成群。 6.emergency 紧急情况,突发事件,本题句中是名词做定语修饰case。题干的意思是“因为有个急诊,医生被召回医院”。因此,emergency 最符合题意,为正确答案;operation 手术;treatment 治疗;incident 事件。后三项均不能修饰 case,故不合题意要求。 7.notion 为“想法,概念”;have the notion that…相当于 have the idea that…认为……;motive 为“动机”;notification 为“通知”,notify 的名词形式;nightmare 为“恶梦”。题意为“我心里很难受,他竟然有这种想法认为我在骗他。” 8.option 选择,机会,选择权;privilege 特权;respect 尊重;priority 优先,优先权。 9.B 项 reflection “反映”符合句意,指货币价值反映了该国经济状况之实质,因此答案为 B。reaction 反应,指受外界影响而产生的相应变化;response 反应,此时与 reaction 为同义词。其实,本题也可根据介词搭配来排除A和C,因为reaction和response后用介词 to,而不是 of;revelation 揭露、显示。 10.superficial 表面的,肤浅的,正好与后面的 deep 构成语义上的对比,符合题意;identical 相同的,一致的,original 原来的,最初的;critical 批判性的,紧要的。 If the day in the future This love will become true I’ve never change my mind that I will love you forever I love you, loving you as the mouse love the rice 如果真的有一天 爱情理想会实现 我会加倍努力好好对你永远不改变 我爱你爱着你 就像老鼠爱大米 Lesson 2 arbitrary1adj. 随心所欲的;专横的,独断的 语境记忆The choice of players for the team seems completely arbitrary. 队员的挑选似乎完全是主观决定的。 搭 配an arbitrary interpretation武断的解释 an arbitrary decision 专横的决定declinevi. 下降,倾斜;衰弱,衰落;减少,降低vt.拒绝,谢绝n. 衰退,衰落 语境记忆The company has gone into a decline because of falling demand. 由于市场需求下降,这家公司的生意每况愈下。 arbitrarydeclinegazeHe declines to predict if his film will capture the hearts and minds of a larger audience. 他拒绝预测他的电影是否能够赢得广大观众的青睐。 辨 异reject, refuse, decline: reject 指以否定、敌对的态度而当面拒绝; refuse 指坚决、果断或坦率地拒绝; decline指较正式地、有礼貌地谢绝。gaze6v.& n. (与on,at ,upon连用)注视,盯 语境记忆She gazed at me in disbelief when I told her the news. 我告诉她这消息时,她以怀疑的目光注视着我。搭 配fix one’s gaze upon 盯着看 gaze at 盯着,愕然注目 辨 异gaze,stare: gaze盯着,由于喜欢,有兴趣而注视; stare由于惊讶而做出,惊奇地凝视,瞪视。identical6adj. 完全相同的,相等的;同一的 语境记忆They’re wearing identical clothes. 他们穿着完全相同的衣服。搭 配be identical with与……相同 identical in 在……方面是相同的 辨 异equal, identical, same: equal“相等的”,特指数量、地位、价值等相同; identical强调完完全全的相同,等于the very same; same“相同的”,比identical的用法更为自由。alert9adj.警觉的,警惕的;活跃的,机灵的vt.向……报警,使警惕;使认识到n.警戒;警报 identicalalertbehalfbulk语境记忆Police warned the public to be on the alert for suspected terrorists. 警方警告群众警惕涉嫌的恐怖分子。 搭 配be alert to sth.对某物警惕 alert sb.to sth.提醒某人注意某事 on(the)alert警戒着,防备着,密切注意着behalfn.利益,维护,支持 语境记忆Eyes are the spokesmen on behalf of love. 眼睛是爱情的代言人。 The legal guardian must act on behalf of the child. 法定监护人应该维护这个孩子的利益。 搭 配in/on behalf of 为了,代表 bulkn. 物体,(大)块;体积,容积;主体,大批,大量v.变得越来越大(重要)vt.使更大(更厚) 语境记忆The war still bulks large in the memories of those who fought in it. 对于那些曾参战的人来说,那场战争仍记忆犹新。 搭 配in bulk 散装;大批,大量 by bulk 估堆(计算) bulk up 发胀,涌起,胀大chipn.薄片,碎片;集成电路块;(pl.)炸土豆条(或片);瑕疵v.切碎,破碎 语境记忆The paint has chipped off where the table touches the wall. 桌子接触墙壁的地方漆皮已剥落。 chipcollapsedevelopelaborateexcitecollapsev. 倒塌,塌下;崩溃,突然失败n. 失败,衰弱 语境记忆Share prices collapsed after the news of poor trading figures. 交易数额不佳使股票价格暴跌。 developvt.发展;形成,显现出;开发,研制;冲照片;详尽阐述,发挥vi.生长,发育;发展,扩展 语境记忆The site is being developed by a London property company. 这个场地正在由伦敦的一家地产公司开发利用。 Young people should be encouraged to communicate with their peers and develop their interpersonal skills. 应该鼓励年轻人和他们的同龄人交往,发展他们的交际能力。 We are concerned to develop the ability of all our students to the full. 我们所关注的是充分全面地发挥学生的能力。 搭 配developed countries 发达国家 undeveloped countries 不发达国家 developing countries 发展中国家elaborate2adj.复杂的,精心制作的v. 详尽,阐述,发挥 语境记忆Please elaborate your plan. 请做出详细的计划。 搭 配elaborate on 对……详细说明 记忆方法elaboration n.精心策划,详细阐述;elaborative adj.精心策划的,详细阐述的excite18vt.使兴奋;激起,引起 语境记忆The recent discoveries have excited great interest among doctors. 最近的多项发现引起医生们的极大兴趣。 fatal6adj.致命的,毁灭性的;重大的,决定性的 语境记忆His illness was fatal to our plans; it caused them to fail. 他生病后我们的计划就落空了。 fatalformalguardhostileinferior 辨 异fateful, fatal: fateful 命运攸关的,决定性的,如 a fateful decision 关系重大的决定; fatal 致命的,毁灭性的,如 a fatal disease 不治之症。formaladj.礼仪的,外形的;正式的 语境记忆The job does not require any formal training. 做这种工作不需要任何正规训练。 辨 异formalize, formality: formalize v. 使形式化; formality n. 礼节,拘泥于形式。guard6vt.守卫,保卫vi. (与against连用)防止,防范n. 警卫员,哨兵;守卫,保卫 语境记忆Tooth paste with fluorine can effectively guard against tooth decay. 含氟牙膏能有效防止蛀牙。 搭 配keep guard 守望 off (one’s) guard 没有提防地 on one’s guard 留心着 on (one’s) guard 值班,提防hostileadj.敌方的,敌对的;不友善的 语境记忆It was very strange how hostile she was to all the beautiful girls approaching her husband. 很奇怪,她对所有接近丈夫的漂亮女孩都心存敌意。 inferior2n.下级,晚辈 adj. 下属的,低级的;低劣的 语境记忆Pay less,and you get an inferior product. 便宜没好货。 As is known to all, fake and inferior commodities harm the interests of consumers. 众所周知,假冒伪劣商品损害了消费者的利益。 搭 配be inferior to 低于……,不如…… inferior by comparison 相形见绌 be sb.’s inferior in 在……方面不及某人internal5adj. 内部的;国内的,内政的;内在的,固有的 语境记忆There’s to be an internal inquiry into the whole affair. 对整件事情将进行内部调查。 internallaunchmechanismmatch搭 配internal relations 内在联系 internal affairs /policy 国内事务,内政/对内政策 internal medicine 内科学launch2vt.发射,投射,投掷;使(船)下水;发动(战争等),发起n. 发射,(船)下水 语境记忆The launch of their new saloon received much media coverage. 他们投产的新轿车广获传媒报道。 搭 配launch an attack 开始攻击 launch a new enterprise 创办一个新企业mechanismn.机械装置,机构;机制,机理;办法,途径 语境记忆The shell of my watch is transparent and the mechanisms inside can be seen. 我的手表外壳是透明的,可以看见里面的机械装置。 记忆方法mechanics n.力学,机械制造学 mechanical adj.机械的,机械般的,习惯性的match11n.对手;相配之物;比赛,竞赛;火柴v. 比赛,较量;(使)相等,相匹敌;相配,相称 语境记忆The curtains and the carpets match perfectly. 窗帘和地毯十分谐调。 Players have been known to cover more than six kilometers in a single match. 选手们在一场比赛中奔跑的路程要超过6千米。 搭 配match…for… 与……相匹配 match against with 使与……相竞争 match to 使和……相等negativeadj.否定的;消极的;反面的,反的;阴性的,负的n.底片;负数 语境记忆She answered in the negative. 她做出否定的回答。 Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts. 尽管民工对城市的经济发展做出了巨大贡献,然而他们也不可避免的带来了一些负面影响。 negativeobligationpanic 搭 配negative attitude 消极的态度 negative vote 反对票 negative sign 负号obligation5n.义务,职责,责任 语境记忆We attended the party more out of a sense of obligation than anything else. 我们参加那个聚会是迫于人情,而并无别的原因。 辨 异obligation,duty: obligation 指道义或法律上的义务; duty指道义上的责任。panicn. 惊慌,恐慌v. 使恐慌 语境记忆 For this chickensuited sower of panic, it’s not the sky that is collapsing but the social security system. 对于这位一身“鸡装”的恐慌散布者来说,要塌下来的不是天而是美国社会保障体系。 搭 配in a panic 在惊慌中 be seized with panic 惊慌失措peer2n. 同龄之人,同辈;贵族vi. 盯,凝视,盯着看 语境记忆He doesn’t spend enough time with his peers. 他不大与其同龄人交往。 press9vt. 压,按,揿;压迫,压榨;催促,逼迫 n. 报刊,报社,杂志;压力机,压榨机,印刷机;压,按,揿;出版社,通讯社 peerpressrarelyscandalthread语境记忆My boot is pressing against a blister on my toe. 我的靴子挤压了我脚趾上的水泡。 搭 配press for 紧急要求 press sb. to do sth. 敦促某人做某事 press box 记者席 press conference 记者招待会rarely5adv. 很少,难得 语境记忆 He rarely had time to prepare for his next event. 他几乎没有时间来准备他的下一步活动。 An advertisement which begins with the magic word FREE can rarely go wrong. 用免费这个迷人字眼作为广告开头的很少会失败。 记忆方法rarefy v. 使变稀薄,稀释;rarity n. 少有,稀罕scandaln. 丑行,丑闻;诽谤,诋毁;反感,愤慨 语境记忆 There is anger in government that the home team’s doping scandals and a tourism slump are ruining Greece’s image. 本国运动员的兴奋剂丑闻和旅游业的低靡破坏了希腊的形象,这使希腊政府十分恼火。 搭 配spread scandal 散布流言蜚语 be the scandal of 使震惊,使不悦thread2n. 细丝,线,纤维;线状物;思路,头绪,线索,脉络;螺纹vt.用线穿起……;通过 语境记忆A thread of light emerged from the keyhole. 从钥匙孔透出一线亮光。搭 配thread one’s way through (小心地)挤过,走过 记忆方法fibre 纤维;thread 线;string 细绳;cord 绳;rope粗绳 1.The nurse on duty was very for any sign of change in the critically ill patient. A.sympatheticB.alertC.considerateD.cautious 2.How much of your countrys electrical supply is from water power? A. deducedB. derivedC. detachedD. declined 3.Ihis offer and said“Thank you all the same”. A.refutedB.declinedC.traversedD.reclaimed 4.The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her attitude toward customers. A.impartialB.mildC.hostileD.opposing 5.40 inches iswith 3 feet 4 inches. A.identicalB.parallelC.equivalentD.equal 6.The shop assistant was straight with his customers.If an article was ofquality he’d tell them so. A.humble B.awkwardC.minorD.inferior 7.Sheat the neighbors from behind the curtain. A.aimed B.indicatedC.hintedD.peered 8.If this appears in the newspapers, it will ruin his political career. A.receiptB.revenueC.scandalD.recipe 9.The lawyer made a great impression on the jury. A.protecting B.guardingC.defending D.shielding 10.There is supposed to be a safetywhich makes it impossible for trains to collide. A.appliance B.accessoryC.machine D.mechanism 1.sympathetic 有同情心的,与 to 或with连用;considerate 体谅人的;cautious 提防的;只有 alert 合题意,“值班护士对于病危病人任何有变化的迹象都非常警惕”。 2. 形近词的辨析。题干中“is…from”应为“(被)从……中获得”之意,与B.相符。A.的意思是“推论, 推断, 演绎”;C.分开, 分离;D.下降。 3.refuted 驳斥;declined 拒绝;traversed 反对;reclaimed 收回;只有B合适。decline多表示比较正式地有礼貌地“谢绝”,多用于对他人的邀请或提供的帮助的拒绝。 4.hostile 敌对的;impartial 公平的;mild 和善的;opposing 反对。 5.该句意思是“40英寸等于3英尺4英寸”。identical 意为“完全相同的,相等的”,一般接 with,be identical with…意为“与……相同(相等)”;parallel 意为“平行的,并列的”;equivalent 意为“相等的,相同的”,固定搭配为 be equivalent to;equal 也为 be equal to 结构。 6.inferior 一词意为“差的,次的”。题干的意思是“商店售货员对顾客很坦率。如果商品的质量低劣,他就会如实相告”。因此,inferior 最符合题意,为正确答案。humble 意为“卑贱的,低下的”,常用来指人;awkward 意为“笨拙的;棘手的,尴尬的”;minor 意为“小的,次要的”;A 项、B 项、C 项均不与 quality 搭配。 7. 该句意思是“她在窗帘后面盯着她的邻居”。D 项 peer 意为“凝视,仔细看”,后常接介词 at;aim at 指瞄准,以……为目标。 8.scandal 丑闻,丑行;receipt 收据;revenue 收入;recipe 烹饪法,食谱。 9.这个辩护律师给陪审团留下了深刻印象。protect 保护,维护;guard 保卫,防卫,看守;defend 防护,辩护;shield 保护,防护,庇护。 10.应该有一种安全机制,使火车不会相撞。appliance用具,器具,器械;accessory 附件,零件,配件;machine 机器,机械;mechanism机械装置,机制。 Lesson 3 accelerate4v. (使)加快,(使)增速;促进 语境记忆 The Hypercar is not as heavy as a typical vehicle, so it needs less energy to accelerate. 超级车不像普通的交通工具那么笨重,所以加速时耗能更少。 accelerateadvocatebudgetcapable 记忆方法accelerated adj.加速的 acceleration n. 加快,促进 accelerant n.催化剂advocaten.提倡者,拥护者;律师 vt. 拥护,提倡 语境记忆We advocate building more schools to provide more educational opportunities for children. 我们主张多建几所学校给孩子们提供更多受教育的机会。 Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists. 那些赞成建设文化艺术项目的人认为文化环境会吸引更多的游客。 budgetn.预算,预算案vi.编预算,作安排vt.规划,安排adj.低廉的,收费公道的 语境记忆A family on a budget can’t afford meat every day. 经济拮据的家庭不能每天享用肉食。 搭 配on a budget 节省费用 记忆方法budgeter n. 编预算的人 budgetary adj. 预算的capable7adj.有能力的,有才能的 语境记忆Show me what you are capable of. 让我看看你有什么本事。 Indeed, animals are capable of many emotional feelings, just like humans, some scientists say. 一些科学家说,事实上,动物和人类一样是具有多种情感和情绪的。 搭 配be capable of doing 有资格,能够 记忆方法capability n. 能力,资格combat4v. 战斗,搏斗n. 战斗,格斗 语境记忆The troops were exhausted after months of fierce combat. 经过几个月的激战部队已筋疲力尽。 搭 配combat for 为……而战 combat with(against) 与……战斗 combat hero 战斗英雄convince6vt.使确信,使相信 combatconvincedefeatdeserve语境记忆What convinced you to vote for them? 究竟是什么使得你愿意投他们的票? Parents are firmly convinced that to send their child to kindergartens will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children. 父母们坚定地相信把孩子送到幼儿园对他们的成长不利。 搭 配convince sb. of sth. that从句 convince oneself of 充分弄清楚defeatvt.战胜,击败n. 战胜,受挫折 语境记忆The enemy was defeated in a decisive battle. 敌人在一场决定性的战斗中被击败。 辨 异defeat,beat,conquer: defeat 打败,被打败者不一定服输; beat 彻底打败,被打败者完全服输了; conquer 强调把对方征服,为征服者所有,可任意支配。deservevt.应受,值得 语境记忆Nature deserves our protection because we ourselves are part of it . 大自然应受我们的保护,因为我们自己也是它的一部分。 搭 配deserve doing = deserve to be done 动名词的主动形式表示被动意义 economicaladj.经济上的;节约的,节俭的 语境记忆Going by train is more economical than going by plane. 坐火车比飞机更省钱。 搭 配be economical of/with(time)节约(时间) 辨 异economic, economical,thrifty: economic “经济上的,与经济有关的”,与政治并称的经济; economical “经济的”,多指“勤俭的,节约的”; thrifty 强调“善于节省开支的”。economicalevaluatefantasticfrontierevaluate7vt.评价,把……定值 语境记忆I can’t evaluate his ability without seeing his work. 我没有看到他的工作情况,无法评论他的能力。 辨 异evaluate,calculate,count: evaluate“估计”,表示大致地准确; calculate“计算,推算”,指经过较复杂的数学计算来完成; count “一个一个地数”,强调动作。fantastic4adj.空想的,异想天开的;奇异的,古怪的;极好的,极出色的;极大的,难以相信的 语境记忆She always tells me fantastic stories. 他总是给我讲荒诞的故事。 frontiern. 边境,国境;边远地区,边疆;尖端领域,新领域 语境记忆Where there is an open mind,there will always be a frontier. 哪里有开放的头脑,哪里就永远会有新的领域。 搭 配frontier spirit 开拓精神 frontier town 边缘城市 frontier spirit 拓荒者精神 辨 异frontier,border: frontier指某一国单方面提及的边境; border可以用来指国与国之间的边境。 the border between China and Mongolia 中蒙 边境 China’s Mongolian frontier 中国靠蒙古的 边境guarantee4n.保证,保证书vt. 保证,担保 语境记忆Many shopkeepers guarantee satisfaction to customers. 许多店主向顾客保证一定要让他们满意。 illegaladj. 不合法的,非法的,违规的 语境记忆Except Netherlands, all the European nations consider the Euthanasia illegal. 除了荷兰,所有的欧洲国家都认定安乐死是不合法的。 invisible1adj.看不见的,无形的语境记忆Many distant stars are invisible to the naked eye. 很多遥远的星球是肉眼看不到的。 搭 配be invisible to…对……来说看不见 invisible line 隐线 guaranteeillegalinvisiblemanagemessmoderatenotifymanage14v. 管理,处理,经营;设法,能办到 语境记忆Jones manages the finances here. 琼斯主管这里的财务。 辨 异manage, try: manage表示设法做成了某事;而try表示试图做某事,其结果尚未确定,可能成功,也可能不成功。mess3n.混乱,杂乱v. 弄脏,弄混乱 语境记忆You’re made a mess of the job. 你把工作搞得一团糟。 搭 配mess with 干预,介入 get sb. into a mess 使陷入狼狈处境 be in a mess 乱七八糟 mess about 轻率地对待moderateadj.中等的,适度的;温和的,稳健的;(价格)合理的v.(使)缓和;(使)减轻 语境记忆 If you want to build a legitimate, moderate political center here, you need to enlist some help from the U.N. 如果你想在这里建立一个合法的、温和的政治中心,就必须向联合国寻求某种帮助。 notifyvt.通知,报告 语境记忆He notified us that he was going to leave. 他告诉我们说他要辞职。搭 配notify sb. to do sth.通知某人做某事 notify sb. that … 通知某人 notify sb. of sth.通知某人某事 辨 异notify,inform: notify 指用正式信件通知; inform 侧重“直接地使人知道事实或情况”。oddadj. 奇怪的,古怪的;奇数的,单数的;临时的,不固定的;剩余的,零头的 语境记忆 Over his career he was renowned for telling jokes, summing up issues with memorable lines, and making the odd gaffe. 在他的职业生涯中,他因善于开玩笑、妙语连珠和时不时的出丑而出名。 oddparadepeculiarpersonalityparade1n. 游行,行进队列;(军队等的)检阅v. 使队列行进;展览,夸耀 语境记忆She paraded up and down in her new hat. 她戴着新帽子在人前走来走去。 搭 配mannequin parade 时装展览 take part in a parade 参加游行peculiaradj. 奇异的,古怪的;特有的,独特的,特别的 语境记忆What has been peculiar about these earthquakes is there is a disproportionate number of them that are uniform in size. 这些地震的特别之处在于它们在规模上一致,数量上却不成比例。 搭 配be peculiar to 是……所特有的 记忆方法peculiarity n. 特色,特性;peculiarly adv. 特别地,奇怪地personality5n. 人品,人格;个性;名人 语境记忆She has a very strong personality.她个性很强。 搭 配personality cult 个人崇拜 a strong personality 很强的个性 记忆方法personage n. 名士,显要人物 personnel n. 全体人员,人事部门prevail4vi. 流行,盛行;占优势;取胜 语境记忆The use of horses for ploughing still prevails among the poorer farmers. 用马耕作的现象在贫苦家庭中仍然十分普遍。 搭 配prevail over 战胜,压倒 prevail on sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 prevail upon 劝说reckon2v. 把……认为,把……看作;计算,计算出,算账;指望,盼望 prevailreckonscalewealthy语境记忆We wanted a quiet holiday,but we had reckoned without the children. 我们原想安安静静地度假,却没有把孩子考虑在内。 搭 配reckon\:as 把……看作 reckon on 依赖,指望,期待 reckon\:in 计入,加入,把……估计在内 reckon with 面对,处理,加以考虑 reckon without 没有考虑到 reckon for… 对……负责,考虑到scale12n. 标度,刻度;比例尺;规模;天平,磅秤;鱼鳞,鳞片;音阶,等级vt.攀登 语境记忆We’ve scaled up production to meet demand. 我们已经扩大了生产以满足需求。 Traffic flows rise to fill whatever scale of highways are provided for them. 无论马路修建到什么程度,日益加大的交通流量总会把它们塞得满满的。 搭 配on a large scale 大规模地,大范围地 on a small scale 小规模地,小范围地 out of scale 不符合比例wealthy4adj. 富有的,富裕的 语境记忆If we want everyone to live a healthy, wealthy and happy life, strict birth control is quite essential. 如果我们想使每个人都过健康、富裕和幸福的生活,就必须实行严格的计划生育。 辨 异wealthy富有的,有大量钱财程度比rich强; rich比wealthy程度弱,指钱财比正常需要的多的。 1.Some peoplerelaxation over work. A.advocateB.appointC.availD.affirm 2.Hill slopes are cleared of forests to make way for crops, but this only the crisis. A. precedesB. prevailsC. ascendsD. accelerates 3.We are all in favor of spending whatever is necessary toair pollution. A.bruiseB.combatC.certifyD.clamp 4.The idea that machines could be made to fly seemeda hundred years ago. A.abstractB.concreteC.fantasticD.fashionable 5.Every camera we sell comes with a twoyear. A.guaranteeB.safetyC.confirmationD.conservation 6.The workers’demands are ;they’re asking for only a small increase in their wages. A.moderateB.abnormalC.commercialD.complicated 7.The managing director promised that he wouldme as soon as he had any further information. A.communicateB.notice C.notifyD.note 8.Because our family is happy and healthy weourselves fortunate. A.pardonB.reckon C.envisionD.abandon 9.The only solution to rubbish problem for a nation which now spends more on wrapping food than it pays farmers to produce it,is recoveringthe packaging materials for commercial as well as conservational reasons. A.on saleB.on the spot C.on a large scaleD.on all sides 10.The educationfor the coming year is about $4 billion, which is much more than what people expected. A.allowance B.reservation C.budget D.finance 1.advocate 提倡;appoint 任命,委任;avail 利用;affirm 断言;题意为“有人提倡休息比工作重要。” 2.词义辨析。四个选项分别是:A.领先(于), 在……之前, 先于;B.流行, 盛行, 获胜, 成功;C.攀登, 上升;D.加速, 促进。 3.bruise 使青肿,碰伤;combat 与……作斗争,反对;certify 证明;clamp 夹住,强加。从该句语意及所缺动词的宾语 air pollution 来看,只有 combat 合适。 4.fantastic 异想天开的;abstract 抽象的;concrete 具体的;实体的;fashionable 时光的,流行的。题意为“100年前,机器能够飞上天的想法似乎是异想天开的”。 5.guarantee 保修单;safety 安全;confirmation 证实,肯定;conservation 保护,保存。 6.moderate 适度的,有节制的;abnormal 不正常;complicated 复杂的;commercial 商务的。 7.notify 意为“通知,告诉”,符合题意“总经理保证一得到任何新消息便通知我”。communicate 作及物动词时表示“传达,传递,传播;传染”,作不及物动词时,表示“通讯,交际,交流思想”;notice 作名词意为“通知”,但作为动词意为“注意到”。 8.该句意思是“我们一家人幸福健康,所以我们认为自己很幸运”。reckon 以为,认为,同consider。 9.C.on a large scale 表示“大规模的,大批量的”,符合题意“对于那些花在食品包装比付给农民成本费还要高的国家来讲,解决垃圾问题的办法就是回收这些包装原料,这既符合商业利益又符合环保要求”。选项 A.on sale 表示“减价”;选项 B.on the spot 表示“立即,当场”;选项 D.on all sides 表示“从各方面”。 10.来年的教育预算大约是40亿美元,比人们所料想的要多得多。allowance津贴,补助,宽容,补贴;reservation 保留,(旅馆房间等)预定,保留意见;budget 预算;finance 财政,金融。 In a cinema during a performance one of the audience gets up, makes his way along the row of seats and goes out into the foyer. A few minutes later he returns and asks the man sitting at the head of the row: "Excuse me, was it your foot I stepped on when I was going out a moment ago?" "Yes, but it doesn’t really matter. It didn’t hurt at all." "Oh, no, it isn’t that. I only want to make sure that this is my row". 在一家电影院里,一名观众在演出期间站了起来,沿着他那排位子走到休息室去了。几分钟后,他回到那排位子并问坐在首位的那位男士道:"对不起,请问我刚才出去的时候是踩着你的脚吗?" "是的,不过没什么关系,一点也不疼。" "噢,不,我不是这个意思。我只是想确认一下这是不是我的那排位子。" Lesson 4 accidentn. 意外的事,偶然之事;事故 语境记忆John’s had an accident; he’s been run over by a car. 约翰出事了,他被一辆小汽车撞倒了。 The marsupial has been in decline for decades due to urban sprawl and from car accidents and dog attacks. 这种有袋动物其数量在过去几十年间逐渐减少,主要原因是城市的扩张、车祸和狗的袭击。 accidentannouncecandidateclash搭 配by accident 偶然 by no accident 绝非偶然 辨 异accident,incident: accident指偶然发生的不可预测的事件,强调“意外,突发”; incident指附属性的小事件,也用来指政治事变。announcevt.宣布,通告;(与for连用)宣布参加竞选;声称,叙说 语境记忆They announced their engagement to the family. 他们向家里宣布他们已经订婚了。 辨 异announce,declare,publish: announce 指预告性的宣布; declare 指当众发表,正式“公布”; publish 指公布已准备好的内容。candidaten.候选人;报考人;申请求职者 语境记忆Most candidates passed in grammar. 参加考试的人大多数语法及格。 clash1n.碰撞声;抵触,冲突;不协调 v. 碰撞;不协调;冲突语境记忆Their swords clashed. 他们的剑互相撞击,铿锵有声。搭 配clash of colors 色彩不调和 clash of interests 利益冲突 辨 异clash, crash, crush: clash 指金属制品等相撞发出铿锵声,也指(意见)冲突; crash 指砰然一声碎了; crush 指压碎,压坏。compromisecontradictioncourtdelicatecompromise4n.妥协,和解vi.(with)妥协vt.危及……的安全;放弃(原则,利益 ) 语境记忆I wanted to go to Greece,and my wife wanted to go to Spain,so we compromised on (ie agreed to go to) Italy. 我想去希腊,可我妻子想去西班牙,于是我们折衷了一下,去意大利。 搭 配compromise with … on 在……方面与……妥协 compromise a lawsuit 和解诉讼 compromise with a person与人和解contradiction3n.矛盾;否定,否认 语境记忆She will permit no contradiction. 她决不允许有异议。 搭 配in contradiction to 与……相反 in contradiction with 与……相抵触courtn.法庭,法院;(网球)球场;庭院,院子;宫廷 语境记忆The prisoner was brought to court for trial. 囚犯被提到法庭受审。 搭 配take sb. to court 控告某人 be out of court 被驳回 court ball 宫廷舞会delicateadj.纤细的,娇嫩的;易碎的,脆弱的;灵敏的,精确的;精美的,精致的 语境记忆Delicate plants must be protected from cold wind and frost. 娇弱的植物必须受保护以避免风霜的侵袭。 I understand it’s quite a delicate balance. 我知道这是一种十分微妙的平衡。 distinction3n.差别,区别 语境记忆She had the distinction of being the English first woman to swim the English Channel. 她卓尔不群,因为她是第一个游泳横渡英吉利海峡的女子。 辨 异distinction,dissimilarity,difference: distinction 相似或相关的事物间的细节差异; dissimilarity 在其他方面很相似或非常类似的事物间的差异; difference 指差异,区别,不同。distinctioneconomicensurefeasibleeconomicadj.经济的,经济学的 语境记忆 Nowadays smokers come mostly from the lower educational, cultural and economic rungs of US society. 现在,美国的烟民主要是教育、文化和经济水平相对较低的人。 搭 配economic crisis 经济危机 economic sanction 经济制裁 辨 异economic,economical: economic a. 经济的,经济学的; economical a. 经济的,节省的。ensure4vt.保证,担保;(与from等连用)保护,使安全;(与to,for连用)保证给,赋予 语境记忆 Participants need to ensure that they don’t overdo it, particularly when starting a new health and fitness regime. 练习者务必确保不要做的过火,特别是在开始一种全新的健身方法时。 搭 配ensure sb. against (from) sth. 保证某人免受…… 辨 异ensure,guarantee,assure: ensure “保证”,普通用语;guarantee “保证”,指担保事物的品质或个人行为;assure “使确信”,向……保证。feasible3adj.可行的,可实行的 语境记忆It’s not feasible to follow your proposals. 按照你的建议去做得行不通的。 搭 配feasible new source of energy 可用的新能源 feasible plan 可行的计划gear1n.齿轮,传动装置;工具,用具vt. 调整,使适合 语境记忆She changed gear to make the car go up the hill faster. 为使车子加速上山,她换了排挡。 geargripimaginationinterior 搭 配gear…to 使……适合 gear with 适合,一致 gear up 增加grip1vt.握紧,抓牢;吸引n. 紧握,抓牢;掌握,支配 语境记忆Van Gogh’s Sunflower can always grip my imagination. 梵高的《向日葵》总能引起我的想像。 搭 配have a grip on 抓住,吸引 get/take a grip on 抓住,控制imagination1n. 想像,想像力;空想,幻觉;想像的事 语境记忆Her talk captured the imagination of the whole class. 她的谈话吸引了全班的同学,激发了他们的想像力。 辨 异imagination,fancy: imagination 指形成思维的能力,其思想过程是积极的;fancy 指虚幻或不可相信的能力,其思想过程是消极的。interior2adj. 内的,内部的;内地的;国内的 n. 内部,内景;内地 语境记忆 Regular guided tours have taken curious visitors into the vast World War II structure to see the turret interiors. 导游团经常将好奇的游客带往这个巨大的二战建筑物,参观炮楼的内部结构。搭 配interior design室内装饰 interior trade 国内贸易 an interior city 内地城市manufacture1n.制造;制成品 vt. 以机器制造,加工;捏造(事故,理由等) manufacturemobilepermanentpredictproposal语境记忆 Ten years ago, Kodak manufactured the first digital camera aimed for sale to retail consumers. 10年前,柯达公司生产出了第一款针对个人用户的数码相机。 辨 异manufacture,produce: manufacture主要指用机器大量制造、生产,强调生产的机械化过程; produce指具体物品或精神财富的生产创造,强调产品数量及种类。mobile3adj.可移动的,活动的,流动的;机动的 n.移动电话 语境记忆The mobile medical team will soon be here. 巡回医疗队不久就将到这儿来。 辨 异mobile,movable: mobile位置与地点的变动; movable可移动的,不固定的。permanent4adj. 永久性的,持久的;不褪色的,耐用的 语境记忆True love should be permanent. 真爱应该是永恒的。 predict11v. 预言,预测 语境记忆Timely snow predicts a bumper harvest. 瑞雪兆丰年。 记忆方法predictable adj. 可预知的;predictability n. 可预知性;prediction n.预言,预测;predictor n.预言者proposaln. 建议,提议;求婚 语境记忆Various proposals were put forward for increasing sales. 为提高销售额而提出了各种的建议。 搭 配package proposal 一揽建议 rationalization proposal 合理的建议 offer proposals for/of提出建议recreationresumesegmentshortagesubtracttotalrecreationn. 文娱活动,消遣,娱乐 语境记忆Gardening is a form of recreation. 园艺活动是一种消遣方式。 People who cannot find time for recreation are obliged sooner or later to find time for illness. 找不到时间休息娱乐的人迟早会被迫找到时间养病。 resume2v. 重新开始,再继续;恢复,再用n.摘要,概略,简历 语境记忆We resumed our work after a rest. 休息之后我们重新开始工作。 segment2n. 切片,部分;(数学)弓形,节,段 语境记忆She cleaned a small segment of the painting. 她把画上的一小部分擦干净了。 Lines divided the area into segments. 这几条线把这个面分割成了几个部分。 shortage7n. 不足,不足的量,缺乏,缺少,短缺,不足(量) 语境记忆It must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students have to face. 必须承认,资金短缺仍然是学生们面临的最大问题之一。 subtract1vt. 从……减去,减除,扣除 语境记忆 Points are awarded or subtracted based on how accurately the shots are. 该游戏会根据射击的准确度为玩家加分或扣分。 搭 配subtract from 从……减去 total10adj. 完全的,全部的,全体的n.总数,总额vi. 总计,共计,总共vt.计算……的总和 语境记忆That’s total nonsense! 那是一派胡言! I’ll give you a few tips before you make a total mess. 我会给你几条忠告,免得你把事情弄得一团糟 underline1vt. 在……划线;加强,强调,突出,着重 语境记忆To underline a poem word by word is the work of misguided schoolmaster. 在诗句下面逐字画线,那是拙劣的教师才干的事儿。 underline 1.One of his eyes was injured in an accident, but after a operation, he quickly recovered his sight. A.preciseB.considerateC.delicateD.sensitive 2.Some American colleges are statesupported, others are privately , and still others are supported by religious organizations. A. ensured B. attributed C. authorized D. endowed 3.Although not an economist himself, Dr.Smith has long been a severe critic of the government’spolicies. A.economicalB.economicC.economyD.economics 4.We must that the experiment is controlled as rigidly as possible. A.assureB.secureC.ensureD.issue 5.Many university courses are not really to the needs of students or their future employers. A.associatedB.relativeC.gearedD.sufficient 6.Camps offered a variety of that included folk dancing, handicrafts, swimming and boating. A.hobbiesB.recreationsC.sportsD.games 7.After a concert tour in Asia, Canada and the U.S., he will work on a finelanguage opera. A.confineB.indulgeC.resumeD.undergo 1.delicate 精确的,灵活的;precise精密的,精确的;considerate 考虑周到的,体贴的;sensitive 敏感的,灵敏的。 2.动词辨义。endow“资助,捐赠,向……捐钱(或物);(with)给予,赋予,认为……具有某种特质”,符合题意。ensure“保证,担保,确保”;attribute (to)“把……归因于,把(过错、责任等)归于,属性,特征”;authorize“授权,批准”。 3.economic 意为“经济上的,经济学的”;而 economical 意为“节俭的,经济的”;economy 作形容词时,则意为“节约的,便宜的”,但 economy 一般用作名词,意为“经济,节约”;economics 只能作名词,意为“经济学,经济情况”。 4.ensure 保证,同 make sure; assure 虽意思与 ensure 一样,但该词要求其宾语由名词或代词担任,而不能是宾语从句。 5.be geared to 为固定搭配,表示“调整后以适应于”。 6.recreation 娱乐活动;hobby (业余)爱好,指比较安静的活动;sport 是有体育锻炼的活动;game 常指带有竞争性的“游戏,比赛”等。 7.resume 重新开始,继续;confine 限于,局限于;indulge 纵容,沉溺于;undergo 经受,遭受。 The difficulties and struggles of today are but the price we must pay for the accomplishments and victories of tomorrow. William J.H.Boetcker 今天的困难和斗争都是为了获得明天的成就和胜利而必须付出的代价。 ——威廉•别特克 Lesson 5 abundant3adj. 丰富的,大量的,充足的 语境记忆We have abundant proof of his guilt. 我们有充分的证据证明他有罪。 abundantadviseclapconceal搭 配be abundant in 富于…… 辨 异abundant, plentiful: abundant 指雨水、鱼、鸟等量大;plentiful指量的丰富,特指食物等。advise6vt.劝告,向……提意见;建议;通知,告知vi.提供建?lt;/p> 语境记忆 McKinnon advised against too much analysis of the playlist. 麦钦伦建议人们不要过多地分析歌单。 搭 配advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事 advise sb.not to do sth. against doing sth.建议某人不要做某事 advise doing sth.建议干某事clapv. 拍手,鼓掌;拍(翅),振(翼) n. 拍手喝彩 语境记忆She clapped her hands in delight. 她高兴地拍起手来。 concealvt.隐藏,隐瞒 语境记忆He tried to conceal his heavy drinking from his family. 他极力对家人隐瞒自己酗酒的事。搭 配对某人隐瞒某事 hide/conceal sth.to sb. hide/conceal sth.from sb. 辨 异conceal, hide: conceal 不暴露或不让人认出来; hide 可与conceal互换,但比conceal少一些高级的意图和手段。 记忆方法concealment n.隐藏,隐匿contributecriticaldepositcontribute10vt.捐献,贡献;投稿vi.捐献,作出贡献;有助于,促成;投稿 语境记忆 While tipping is not customary, guests are certainly encouraged to contribute to the Wakaya Community Christmas Fund. 虽然并没有特殊的规定,但游客都会自觉地对当地的基督教基金会慷慨解囊。 Now people in growing numbers believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities. 现在越来越多的人相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作或提升的机会。 记忆方法contribution n. 捐献金 contributor n. 捐献者 contributive adj. 有贡献的critical17adj.决定性的,关键性的;批评的,评论的 语境记忆If we cannot love unconditionally,love is already in a critical condition. 如果我们不能无条件地相爱,爱情就已经处于危机之中了。 In the current critical climate her work is not popular. 在当前评论风气的影响下,她的作品不怎么受欢迎。 搭 配be critical of sth.对某事物提出批评 记忆方法criticize vt.批评;criticism n.批语,评论;critic n.评论者depositv. 存数,寄存;储蓄;(使)沉淀,(使)沉积 n. 存款,保证金,定金;沉积的矿床 语境记忆As the river slows down, it deposits rich soil at its bends. 河水的流速减慢时,有大量的沃土沉积在河的转弯处。 distressn. 忧虑,悲伤,痛苦vt. 使忧虑,使痛苦;贫困,困苦;危难,不幸 语境记忆The Government acted quickly to relieve the widespread distress caused by the earthquake. 地震造成广大地区的灾难,政府迅速采取行动赈济灾民。 distressdueerrorfaultdueadj.预期的,预定应到的;应给的,应得的;当然的,适当的;应支付的 语境记忆 Give credit where credit is due. 对于值得赞扬之处要给予赞扬。 Due to high tuition fee, most of ordinary families cannot afford to send their children to boarding schools. 因为较高的学费,大部分普通家庭无法担负他们的孩子上寄宿学校的费用。 搭 配be due to 是由于 due to 因……而产生 in due time 在适当的时候errorn.错误,谬误 语境记忆The accident was the result of human error. 这事故是人为的错误造成的。 搭 配lead sb. into error 使某人犯错误 in error 错误地 辨 异error, mistake: error与mistake 这两词均指错误过失,一般可以通用,但以下两种情况中不可混用: 在道德方面犯过失用error,而不用mistake;在一些固定用法中,如 by mistake,an error of judgement等。faultn.缺点,毛病;错误,过失;障碍vt.找……缺点,挑剔 语境记忆No one could fault his performance. 他的演出无懈可击。 A friend without faults will never be found. 没有缺点的朋友是永远找不到的。 搭 配find fault with 抱怨,挑剔 without fault 确定 辨 异fault, defect, weakness: fault 指小的缺点; defect 由于缺少本质的或重要的东西而不完善; weakness 指弱点或不足之处。gentleidealincrediblegentleadj.和蔼的,温和的;轻柔的,不猛烈的;不陡的,坡度小的 语境记忆Be gentle with my best china! 对我最心爱的瓷器要轻拿轻放! 辨 异gentle, soft, mild: gentle 指事物的性质不激烈的,人和动物的行为友好的; soft 指物体在压力下容易变形的,软的; mild 温和的,不强烈的。 ideal18adj. 理想的,称心如意的;空想的,理想主义的;唯心的n. 理想;理想的东西(或人) 语境记忆There is always a gap between ideal and reality. 理想和现实之间总是有差距的。 Without ideal, there is no secure direction. 没有理想,就没有坚定的方向。 记忆方法ideal 理想 idealism 理想主义 real 现实的 realism 现实主义incredible4adj. 难以相信的;不可思议的,惊人的 语境记忆She’s an incredible actress. 她是个了不起的演员。 搭 配在It is incredible that从句中,从句用虚拟语气。 辨 异creditable 可称赞的; incredible 不能相信的; incredulous 深疑的; credulous 易信的,轻信的。landscape1n.风景,景色,全景;风景画vt. 美化环境 语境记忆 The fortress was partly landscaped. 这座堡垒有部分被人为的修饰过。 landscapemercymultiplypartnerpersistprecisemercyn.宽大,宽恕;仁慈,慈悲 语境记忆The boom of the company is at the mercy of its shareholders. 公司的兴衰受到其股东的控制。 搭 配at the mercy of 任凭……处置,无能为力 show mercy to 对……怜悯,仁慈 have mercy on 怜悯……multiply5vt.使增加,倍增;使繁殖;乘,使相乘 vi. 增加,繁殖 语境记忆He who multiplies riches multiplies cares. 财产越多越操心。 搭 配multiply A and B把A和B相乘 multiply A by B用B乘Apartnern. 合作者,伙伴,搭档v.做……的搭档 语境记忆She was made a partner in the firm. 她当上了该商行的股东。 persist6vi. 坚持;持续 语境记忆 The basic contradiction between environment and development persists. 环境和发展的基本矛盾仍然存在。 搭 配insist (on) persist indoing sth.坚持做某事 记忆方法persistence n.固执 persistent adj.不屈不挠的preciseadj. 精确的,准确的;严谨的 语境记忆 One of Hubble’s key duties was to help astronomers determine a precise age for the universe. 哈勃望远镜的主要任务之一就是帮助天文学家测定宇宙的准确年龄。 记忆方法preciseness n.精确 precisely adv.精确地,确切地prospect8n. 景色,前景;前途;有希望的候选人 语境记忆The prospects for this year’s wine harvest are poor. 今年的酒产量前景欠佳。 prospectrecoverrestrainscarce 搭 配open up prospects for 为……开辟前景 in prospect 可期待recoverv. 收回,换回,重新找到;恢复,痊愈 语境记忆Trade soon recovered from the effects of the war. 贸易摆脱了战争的影响而很快复苏了。 搭 配recover from 从……中恢复 recover one’s legs 腿伤恢复 recover one’s health=recover from one’s illness恢复健康restrain5vt. 抑制,控制;阻止,制止 语境记忆 These are minor wounds and brief, restrained encounters. 这不过是些轻微的小创伤和拘谨收敛的短暂论战。 搭 配restrain sb.from doing sth.阻止某人干某事 restrain sb. of his liberty束缚某人自己。scarceadj. 缺乏的,不足的;罕见的,稀奇的,珍贵的 语境记忆He’s in a bad mood,so I’ll make myself scarce. 他情绪不好,我得躲着点。 辨 异scarce,insufficient, scanty: scarce 指暂供应不足; insufficient 不充足的,不能满足需要的;scanty 指数量、程度方面不足。shield2n. 盾,盾形纹徽,盾状物;(机器等的)护板,护幕 v. 保护,防御 语境记忆This car polish is an effective shield against rust. 这种汽车上光蜡很有防锈作用。 辨 异shield, safeguard, protect: shield 暗示用一件东西抵挡被害者来保护,表示提供一个安全地或保护所; safeguard 暗示采取措施对付出现的危险; protect 表示提供遮蔽物或障碍物,以防受到伤害。succeedv. 成功,完成;继续,继任;继承,承袭 语境记忆The difference between a man who succeeds and one who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities. 成功者与失败者的区别仅仅在于对待机遇的态度。 A man can succeed at almost anything for which he was unlimited enthusiasm. 只要有无限的热情,一个人几乎可以在任何事情上取得成功。 shieldsucceedtreasurevariationworth搭 配succeed in (doing) sth. 成功地做…… succeed to 继承 succeed sb. as继某人出任 succeed sb. in 继某人接管treasuren. 财富,财宝;受重视,被视为珍宝的人或物vt. 储藏,珍藏;重视,珍惜 语境记忆He treasures your letters. 他把你的信看得非常宝贵。 variation2 n. 不同,变化,差异,变动;(生物的)物种变异,变异的物种,变种;变奏曲 语境记忆British English ,American English, Australian English and South African English are the major variation of the English language. 英国英语、美国英语、澳洲英语和南非英语是英语的主要变体。 worth18 adj. 值……的,价值相当于……的 ;值得……的,有……价值的n. 价值,人或物的价值,值某一价值的量 语境记忆I only hope you feel it was worth the wait when you finally read it. 我只希望当你们读到这本书时,会感到所有的等待都是值得的。 搭 配worth it 值得;有益 be worth doing (事)值得做 辨 异worth,value: value是指认为某事(物)是否有用或有重要的价值;worth是指从精神、文化方面的优秀特点产生的实质价值,主要用于暗示精神和人格方面的优秀程度。 1.When the engine would not start, the mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at . A.wrongB.troubleC.faultD.difficulty 2.Before we move, we should some of the old furniture, so that we can have more room in the new house. A. discard B. dissipateC. cancel D. conceal 3.It was clear that the small grocer was people who he owed money to. A.at the expense ofB.at the risk of C.in the way ofD.at the mercy of 4.Their demand for a pay raise has not the slightest of being met. A.prospectB.predictionC.prosperityD.permission 5.Some people criticize family doctors fortoo many medicines for minor illnesses. A.prescribing B.ordering C.advising D.delivering 6.It is ratherthat we still do not know how many species there are in the world today. A.misleading B.embarrassing C.boring D.demanding 7.A friendship may be ,casual, situational or deep and lasting. A.identical B.original C.superficial D.critical 8.I am afraid that you have to alter your views in light of the tragic news that has just arrived. A.indifferent B.distressing C.optimistic D.pessimistic 9.They stood gazing at the happyof children playing in the park. A.perspective B.view C.landscape D.scene 10.Even though he was guilty, the judge did not send him to prison. A.merciful B.impartial C.conscientious D.conspicuous 1.wrong 和 fault 均有“错误、毛病”之意,at fault 是习语,意为“有毛病,是问题之所在”,而 wrong 经常用于 in the wrong 这一结构中。 2.四个选择的意思分别是:A.丢弃;B.驱散,浪费;C.取消;D.隐藏。 3.at the mercy of 在……支配下,在……摆布下,用于人时一般是贬义。 4.prospect 希望;prediction 预测,预言;prosperity 兴旺;permission 同意。 5.一些人责怪家庭医生为一些小毛病开出太多的药品。 prescribing 开药,处方;ordering 命令,订购,指示;advising 建议,通知,通告;delivering 发送,接生,传送。 6.使我们感到苦恼的是,我们仍然不知道当今世界上究竟有多少物种。misleading 误导,误信;embarrassing 令人尴尬的;boring 令人厌烦的,令人乏味的;demanding 难度很大的,要求很高的,很费力的。 7.友谊可以是肤浅的,随意的,根据情况的或者深厚并且长久的。identical 同一的,完全的;original 原先的,起初的;superficial表面的,肤浅的;critical批评的,挑剔的,评判的。 8.鉴于刚刚传来的不幸消息,你的乐观想法恐怕得变一变了。indifferent 不在乎的,冷漠的,不注意的;distressing 令人失望的,使人痛苦的;optimistic 乐观的;pessimistic 悲观的。 9.他们站着,注视着小孩在公园里玩耍的欢乐场面。 perspective视角,看法;view 观点,风景,视线;landscape 风景画,景象;scene情景。 10.尽管他有罪,但这位仁慈的法官没把他送进监狱。 merciful慈悲的,怜悯的;impartial公正的,不偏袒的,公平的;conscientious自觉的,勤奋的,谨慎的;conspicuous显眼的,明显的。 An old lady who was very deaf and who thought everything too dear, went into a shop and asked the shopman:"How much is this stuff?" "Seven dollars, Madam, it is very cheap. "The lady said, "It is too much, give it to me for fourteen.""I did not say seventeen dollars, but seven." "It is still too much,"replied the old lady, "give it to me for five." 一位耳聋并且总是嫌东西太贵的老太太走进一家商店。 她问店员:"这东西要多少钱?" "七美元,太太,这是很便宜的。" 老太太说:"太贵了,十四美元差不多。" 店员忙说:"我没说十七美元,是七美元。" "还是太贵,"老太太说:"五美元,我就买啦。
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