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Learning does not happen passively. It is an activity which a person does.
It is a task which can be attempted in various of ways, some of which are 1._____
more appropriate than others. When the material to be learned is 2._____
a brief and simple kind which is familiar with the person and of intense 3._____
interest to him, effective learning usually proceeds automatically.
In the first place, the person at once relates the material to other
material which has already securely learned. Subsequently, the relevance 4._____
of the newly learned material to his interests assures its being 5.______
recalled on many occasions; and one repetition minimizes 6.______
the likelihood of remembering. Furthermore, the subsequent use 7.______
of the new material is likely to take place in a variety of contexts
and, so, the material becomes related to a narrower range of other material. 8.___
Because of all this, the material is rapidly learned, long retained,
and recalled with increasingly readiness in a variety of 9._____
contexts. Without really trying, the person had fulfilled a 10._____
few important conditions of effective learning.
答案及详解：
1. of 去掉 ； in various ways或者说in a variety of ways 以各种各样的方式；
2. is 后加 of； be of a brief and simple kind 属于简短和简单的类型； be of …. kind是固定表达,意思为：属于…类型，比如说: sth of the same kind 同样类型的事物；
3. with 改为to；sb. be familiar with sth; sth be familiar to sb. ;
4. has改为 is 或者在has后加been; other material which has already securely learned 这里应该是已经被学习的材料的意思，所以应该用被动；
5. assures 改为 ensures；本句意思：所学习材料与他兴趣的相关性确保了这个学习材料可以在很多场合被回忆起来；assure和ensure是四六级常见考点；
6. one 改为this / the；这里是特指，“这个重复”指上文中新学习的材料与其它已经学习的材料以及个人兴趣的联系，也就是材料被学会之后被“重复”地使用；
7. remembering改为 forgetting；重复将遗忘的可能性减到最少；
8. narrower 改为 wider； 新材料的后续使用可能在很多背景下发生，因此，这个材料就与更广泛范围的材料联系在一起；
9. increasingly改为 increasing；副词修饰形容词或者动词等，比如increasingly popular; speak loudly; 形容词修饰名词；increasing readiness 表示“越来越方便；越来越迅速”；
10. had 改为 has；综合全段，这里应该是现在完成时。
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