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上海交通大学外语学院 郭鸿杰
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension(20 minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Example:You will hear:
M: When shall we start our work, Jane?
W: Tomorrow at 9 o’clock. But we must work quickly, for we have to finish everything before 2 in the afternoon.
Q: For how long can they work?
You will read:
A) 2 hours.
B) 3 hours.
C) 4 hours.
D) 5 hours.
From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D)“5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose ［D］ on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.
Sample Answer ［A］ ［B］［C］ [CD2][KG-1*4/5]［D］
1. A) On the phone. B) At United World College.C) At a library. D) At a hotel.
2. A) $80. B) $60.C) $90. D) $15.
3. A) He loves his present work.
B) He is going to open a store.
C) He is about to retire.
D) He works in a repair shop.
4. A) Mary is going to Hawaii.
B) Mary has been to many countries.
C) Mary likes postcards.
D) Mary is traveling on business.
5. A) To save the money for a long time.
B) To buy a new car.
C) To purchase a used car.
D) To get a second car.
6. A) Delivery service manager and driver.
B) Teacher and student.
C) Lawyer and client.
D) Doctor and patient.
7.A) Four or five days.B) Exactly two weeks.C) About two weeks.D) A few weeks.
8.A) What will they do that afternoon?
B) Working on an assignment together.
C) How will they spend the weekend?
D) Returning books to the library.
9. A) They are having a party.
B) They are playing the piano.
C) Someone else is having a party.
D) Someone else is funny.
10. A) She was hurt by the man.
B) She lost her temper.
C) She didn’t speak to her husband.
D) She missed the dinner party.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following passage:
11. A) Sleep and dreams.
B) Moods of people.
C) Effect of dreams.
D) How to manipulate sleep.
12.A) Man’s emotions is affected by dreams and sleep.
B) A sound sleep usually brings about a good mood.
C) Scientists began to do researches on dreams 20 years ago.
D) What happens in a dream is less significant than who appears.
13.A) The fewer dream characters, the happier people are.
B) The level of one’s moods rises and falls according to his dream characters.
C) The less sleep people have, the better they perform.
D) The less dozy, the more clear thinking.
14.A) Textbook. B) Science report.C) Science fiction. D) Critical review.
Passage Two
Questions 15 to 17 are based on the following passage:
15.A)Crying is a natural thing for children,but not for adults.
B)Crying is considered unfortunate for adults.
C)Adults have learnt to control their emotions.
D)Adults have forgotten how to cry.
16.A)Crying can help those who are physically ill.
B)Crying can help cure some emotional problems.
C)Crying cannot help people who are emotionally healthy.
D) Crying can help us lift the load in our mind.
17.A) How to hold back one’s tears.
B)Adults should be free of crying.
C)Why people cry?
D)Crying is of great benefit to our health.
Passage Three
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage:
18.A) Food processing. B) Environmental protection.C) Shopping habits. D) Overpackaging problems.
19.A) They help people save time on housework.
B) They go into the garbage heap.
C) They are harmful to the environment.
D) They make products more expensive.
20.A) Take their own bags to the grocery store.
B) Buy things that are overpackaged.
C) Not buy cloth towels.
D) Not throw away their cloth napkins.
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
The media can impact current events. As a graduate student at Berkeley in the 1960s, I remember experiencing the events related to the People’s Park that were occurring on campus. Some of these events were given national media coverage in the press and on TV. I found it interesting to compare my impressions of what was going on with perceptions obtained from the news media. I could begin to see events of that time feed on news coverage. This also provided me with some healthy insights into the distinction between these realities.
Electronic media are having a greater impact on the people’s lives every day. People gather more and more of their impressions from representations. Television and telephone communications are linking people to a global village, or what one writer calls the electronic city. Consider the information that television brings into your home every day. Consider also the contact you have with others simply by using telephone. These media extend your consciousness and your contact. for example, the video coverage of the 1989 San Francisco earthquake focused on “live action” such as the fires or the rescue efforts. This gave the viewer the impression of total disaster. Television coverage of the Iraqi War also developed an immediacy. CNN reported events as they happened. This coverage was distributed worldwide. Although most people were far away from these events, they developed some perception of these realities.
In 1992, many people watched in horror as riots broke out on a sad Wednesday evening in Los Angeles, seemingly fed by video coverage from helicopters. This event was triggered by verdict (裁定) in the Rodney King beating. We are now in an age where the public can have access to information that enables it to make its own judgments, and most people, who had seen the video of this beating, could not understand how the jury（陪审团）was able to acquit (宣布……无罪)the policeman involved. Media coverage of events as they occur also provides powerful feedback that influences events. This can have harmful results, as it seemed on that Wednesday night in Los Angeles. By Friday night the public got to see Rodney King on television pleading. “can we all get along?” By Saturday, television seemed to provide positive feedback as the Los Angeles riot turned out into a rally for peace. The television showed thousands of people marching with banners and cleaning tools. Because of that , many people turned out to join the peaceful event that saw unfolding on television. The real healing, of course, will take much longer, but electronic media will continue to be a part of that process.
21.The best title for this passage is____.
A) The 1992 Los Angeles Riots
B) The Impact of Media on Current Events
C) The 1989 San Francisco Earthquake and the 1992 Los Angeles Riots
D) How media Cover Events
22.All the following statements are true EXCEPT that____.
A) electronic media can extend one’s contact with the world
B) those living far away from a certain event can also have some perception of realities by watching television
C) all the events occurring on the university campus at Berkeley were given national media coverage
D) video coverage of the 1989 San Francisco earthquake gave the viewers the impression of total disaster
23.The term“electronic city”in paragraph 2 refers to____.
A) Los Angeles B) San Francisco
C) Berkeley D) Earth
24.The 1992 Los Angeles riots broke out because____.
A)the jury acquitted the policemen who had beaten Rodney King
B)people can make their own judgments
C)video coverage from helicopters had made people angry
D)video coverage had provided powerful feedback
25.It can be inferred from the passage that ____.
A) media coverage of events as they occur can have either good or bad results
B) most people who had seen the video of the Rodney King beating agree with the verdict of the jury
C) the 1992 Los Angeles riots lasted a whole week
D) Rodney King seemed very angry when he appeared on television on Friday
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
The American with Disabilities Act (ADA) was signed into law in 1990. This law extends civil rights protection to persons with disabilities in private sector employment, all public services, and in public accommodations, transportation, and telecommunications. A person with a disability is defined as someone with a mental or physical impairment that substantially limits him or her in a major life activity, such as walking, talking, working, or self-care. A person with a disability may also be someone with a past record of such an impairment, for example, someone who no longer has heart disease but is discriminated against because of that history.
The ADA states that employers with fifteen or more employees may not refuse to hire or promote a person because of a disability if that person is qualified to perform the job. Also, the employer must make reasonable accommodations that will allow a person with a disability to perform essential functions of the job. All new vehicles purchased by public transit authorities must be accessible to people with disabilities. All rail stations must be made accessible, and at least one car per train in existing rail systems must be made accessible.
It is illegal for public accommodations to exclude or refuse persons with disabilities. Public accommodations are business and services such as restaurants, hotels, grocery stores, and parks. All now buildings must be made accessible, and existing facilities must remover barriers if the removal can be accomplished without much difficulty or expense.
The ADA also stipulates that companies offering telephone service to the general public must offer relay services to individuals who use telecommunications devices for the deaf, twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week.
26.What is the main purpose of the passage?
A) To describe discrimination against persons with disabilities.
B) To explain the provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act.
C) To make suggestions for hiring persons with disabilities.
D) To discuss telecommunications devices for the deaf.
27. According to the passage, all of the following are affected by the Americans with Disabilities Act EXCEPT ____.
A) someone who has difficulty walking
B) a public transit authority
C) an employer with fewer than fifteen employers
D) a person with a past record of an impairment
28.The author mentions grocery stores as an example of ____.
A) public transit
B) barriers
C) private sector employment
D) public accommodations
29.The author implies all of the following EXCEPT ____.
A) the ADA requires people with disabilities to pay for special accommodations
B) the ADA is designed to protect the civil rights of many people
C) public transportation must accommodate the needs of people with disabilities
D) The ADA protects the rights of people with mental impairments
30.It can be inferred from the passage that ____.
A) restaurants can refuse service to people with disabilities
B) every car of a train must be accessible to persons with disabilities.
C) the ADA is not well-liked by employers
D) large companies may not discriminate against workers with disabilities.
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
Studies of children’s acquisition of language suggest that the faculty of language includes an inborn knowledge of the formal principles of language structure, a knowledge that depends on generically determined portions of (usually) that left cerebral (大脑的) hemisphere.Although it is well established that the left hemisphere is specialized for language, one cannot say that language is “located” in this or that part of the hemisphere. What is known is that language discorders are the results of lesions (损伤) in the left hemisphere. Disorders of language resulting from damage to the brain are called aphasias (失语症).
The anterior(前面的)portion of the “language area” is termed Broca’s area. Lesions in this area interfere with the motor(运动原)and articulatory aspects of language.Speech is slow,labored,grammatically incorrect,and telegraphic;in extreme cases,it may be impossible to carry out.Writing is likewise severely impaired.Comprehension of the spoken or written word,however,may be unimpaired or nearly so.(It is interesting to note that under emotional stress,a patient with Broca’s aphasia may be temporarily fluent.)Because Broca’s area is close to the motor cortex(脑皮层),if the former is damaged,the latter is often damaged simultaneously.Hence,such patients often suffer form weakness or paralysis of the right side of the body.Similar lesions in the right hemisphere will cause a left-sided weakness of paralysis but will have no effect on language.
Damage to the posterior (后面的) portion of the “language area, ” especially to Wernick’s area, results in a loss of comprehension of the spoken word and often of the written word. The patient’s native language is now like a foreign language. In addition, the patient’s speech is rapid and well-articulated, but without meaning. Writing is defective, and words that are heard cannot be repeated, although hearing itself is completely normal. Similar lesions in the right hemisphere usually have no effect on language.
Injuries to the “language area” in children result in severe aphasias, but the development of language mechanism in the right hemisphere can often compensate for them to an extraordinary degree. This potential function of the right hemisphere is probably normally suppressed by the left hemisphere. In adults, aphasias from similar lesions are often permanent.
31.The author is primarily concerned with ____.
A) describing the process of language acquisition
B) explaining potential treatment of language defects
C) showing the importance of the left hemisphere of the brain to language mechanisms
D) depicting various means of diagnosing language defects
32.Unlike a patient with Wernicke’s aphasia, a patient with Broca’s aphasia can ____.
A) comprehend written but not spoken language
B) hear and read with comprehension
C) speak articulately and also comprehend spoken language
D) write and speak readily and coherently
33.According to the passage,which of the following statements about the right hemisphere of the brain is accurate?
A) It has the potential to serve as a “language area”.
B) It controls the ability to comprehend but not the ability to speak a language
C) If it is damaged, gross motor control of the right side of the body may be affected.
D) It is the right where Wernick’s area is located.
34.It can be inferred that aphasias in adults often result in permanent damage because ____.
A) much memory is lost
B) adults have more trouble learning a foreign language
C) the right hemisphere is no longer as adaptable as it once was.
D) brain cells in adults are especially vulnerable to infection
35.It can be inferred that the author bases his description on ____.
A) clinical studies of instances of damage to the brain
B) studies of language development in children without brain damage
C) microscopic examination of the brain structure
D) examples of the integration of the left and right hemispheres
Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
For millions of years before the appearance of the electric light, shift work,allnight cable TV and the Internet, Earth’s creatures evolved on a planet with predictable and reassuring 24-hour rhythms.Our biological clocks are set for this daily cycle.Simply put,our bodies want to sleep at night and be awake during the day. Most women and men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep a night to function properly throughout their lives.(Contrary to popular belief,humans don’t need less sleep as they age.)
But on average,Americans sleep only about seven and a half hours per night,a marked drop from the nine hours day averaged in 1910.what’s worse,nearly one third of all Americans get less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night. For most people, that’s not nearly enough.
Finding ways to get more and better sleep can be a challenge. Scientists have identified more than 80 different sleep disorders. Some sleeping disorders are generic. But many problems are caused by staying up late and sleeping in, by traveling frequently between time zones or by working nights. Dr. James. F. Jones at National Jewish Medical and Research Center in Denver says that sleep disorders are often diagnosed at other discomforts. About one third of the patients referred to him with possible chronic fatigue syndrome actually have treatable sleep disorders. “Before we do anything else, we look at their sleep,” Jones says.
Sleep experts say that most people would benefit from a good look at their sleep patterns, “My motto (座右铭) is ‘sleep defensively’,” says Mary Carskadon of Brown University. She says people need to carve out sufficient time to sleep, even if it means giving up other things. Sleep routines-like going to bed and getting up at the same time every day-are important. Pre-bedtime activities also make a difference. As with Elsneer, who used to suffer from sleeplessness, a few lifestyle change-avoiding stimulants and late meals, exercising hours before bedtime, relaxing with a hot bath—yield better sleep.
36.What is TRUE of human sleep?
A) Most people need less sleep when grow older.
B) Most people need seven and a half hours of sleep every night.
C) On average, people in the U. S. today sleep less per night than they used to.
D) For most people, less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night is enough.
37.For our bodies to function properly, we should____.
A) sleep for at least eight hours per night
B) believe that we need less sleep as we age
C) adjust our activities to the new inventions
D) be able to predict the rhythms of our biological clocks
38.According to the author, many sleeping disorders are caused by ____.
A) other diseases
B) pre-bedtime exercises
C) improper sleep patterns
D) Chronic fatigue syndrome
39.Which of the following measures can help you sleep better?
A) Staying up late.
B) Taking a hot bath.
C) Having late meals.
D) Traveling between time zones.
40.“Sleep defensively” means that ____.
A) people should go to a doctor and have their problems diagnosed
B) people should exercise immediately before going to bed every night
C) people should sacrifice other things to get enough sleep if necessary.
D) People should give up going to bed and going up at the same every day.
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary (20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
41.____ your suggestions deserve considering, the board thinks it unwise to invest so large a sum of money into the project.
A) Assuming B) WhileC) Since D) As
42.The potatoes can be made ____ and reheated in the microwave when every one is present.
A) a little time ahead
B) a little ahead of time
C) ahead of time a little
D) ahead of a little time
43.In this respect the Security Council is enjoying the support of the ____majority of the member states of the United Nations.
A) overwhelming B) tremendous
C) demanding D) intensive
44.He was ____ finding his own path by working almost non-stop.
A) adequate for B) intent on
C) short of D) deficient in
45.They put forward those facts that ____ or illuminate the main question at hand.
A) pour scorn on B) heap praise upon
C) give vent to D) cast light upon
46.Nothing could keep us indoors, not even the gloomy and depressing thoughts that had kept us so ____ the night before.
A) constrained B) dominated
C) restricted D) occupied
47.We must ____ our strength and swim vigorously upstream.
A) sum up B) summon up
C) catch on D) watch out
48.It was ____ that this arrangement would be an efficient use of time and would also help to break down the barriers between employers and employees.
A) manifested B) articulated
C) anticipated D) monitored
49.Astronomers say the universe is ____ even faster than they thought.
A) stretching B) extending
C) prolonging D) expanding
50.Electronic privacy is ____ to the ongoing success of the Internet as a service and as a commercial and entertainment medium.
A) subordinate B) cumulative
C) crucial D) permeated
51.In order to run your restaurant well, your attendants must ____ the needs of your customers.
A) look into B) see to
C) make over D) come through
52.She analyzed the most ____ information within her field of interest and then identified the research questions and hypothesis.
A) pertinent B) pervasive
C) acute D) persistent
53.The____ provided by the University is offered only to those professors who have made excellent achievements.
A) treaty B) lease
C) engagement D) subsidy
54.Perhaps the most important ____ of good web design is a clearly organized structure or Information Architecture (IA).
A) element B) component
C) ingredient D) constituents
55.He was ____ from the Philippine Islands on May 6, 1912 and returned to the United States via the Suez Canal and Europe.A) deviated B) disconnected
C) detached D) distorted
56.The meeting was ____ over by the mayor to discuss the tax raise in the city.
A) presumed B) propelled
C) presided D) pricked
57.His constant attempts to ____ his colleagues’ achievement eventually caused his dismissal.
A) withdraw B) diminish
C) restrain D) confine
58.The president’s fitful rule is seen to be even more designed to serve the interests of people ____.
A) at a loss B) at a stroke
C) at large D) at hand
59.The high ____ of road accidents on the super highway is giving cause for serious concern.
A) coincidence B) occurrence
C) circumstance D) occasion
60.Sometimes the imprudence ____ some policy makers results in heavy losses of the national interests.
A) in the place of B) for the sake of
C) in view of D) on the part of
61.All visitors to this gallery are requested to ____ with the regulations.
A) concede B) assent
C) conform D) comply
62.I want to begin with a question which Neale does not ____ address, but which seems to me to be a particular blind spot. A) explicitly B) ultimately
C) fundamentally D) conceptually
63.Readers will find that a library’s collection of books usually____two categories: fiction and non-fiction.
A) falls into B) runs into
C) separates into D) turns into
64.The US government expressed their appreciation for our effort to ____ the well-being of the crew.
A) see about B) bring about
C) set about D) go about
65.Officials, whatever their rank, are supposed to ____ themselves to the welfare and health of the general public.
A) accustom B) commit
C) accommodate D) adapt
66.But since I am new to this Linux, I can’t ____ compilation error.
A) rectify B) oblige
C) reconcile D) obscure
67.Many animals will become ____ because they don’t have good habits in living.
A) feeble B) extinct
C) massive D) extinguished
68.The asexual ____ cycle of the parasite takes place within red blood cells, well shielded from attack by the immune system.
A) manipulation B) reproduction
C) circulation D) penetration
69.During the 19th century, heat was recognized as ____ of motion among tiny molecules.
A) manifestation B) acceleration
C) abundance D) deterioration
70.When you light the end of the lamp wick which is not ____ in kerosene as the other end is, it will burst into flame.
A) restrain B) immerse
C) purify D) deform
Part Ⅳ Error Correction (15 minutes)
Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes , one in each numbered line.You may have to change a word , add a word or delete (删去) a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word , cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word , put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank.
Pronouncing a language is a skill. Every normal person is expert in the skill of pronouncing his own language, and few people are even moderately proficient at pronouncing foreign languages. Now there are many reasons about this, some obvious, some perhaps not so obvious. But I suggest that the fundamental reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very better than they do is that they fail to grasp the true name of the problem of learning to pronounce, and consequently never set about tackling it by the right way. Far too many people fail to realize that pronounce a foreign language is a skill, one that needs careful training of a special kind, and one that cannot be acquired by just leaving it to take care of himself. I think even teachers of language, while recognizing the importance of a good accent, tend to neglect, in their practical teaching, the branch of study concerning with speaking the language. So the first point I want to make is that English pronunciation must be taught; the teacher may be prepared to devote some of the lesson time to this, and by his whole attitude to the subject he should get the student to feel that here is a matter worth of receiving his close attention. So, there should be occasions where other aspects of English, such as grammar or spelling, are allowed for the moment to take a secondary place.
71.__________
72.__________
73.__________
74.__________
75.__________
76.__________
77.__________
78.__________
79.__________
80.__________
Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Information in the Modern World. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1.信息在当今社会的重要性
2.信息传播的方式
3.谈谈信息在未来社会的作用
Information in the Modern World
听力原文
Section A
1. W: United World College. Can I help you?
M: Yes. I’d like some information about the college, please.
Q: Where does the conversation take place?
2. M: Which coat did you finally decide to buy?
W: Well, I would have liked to buy the green one, but it was $75.00. So I bought the brown one instead and saved $15.00.
Q: How much did the woman pay for the coat?
3. W: Well, it’s good to see you again. What are you doing these days? You are still working at the same place, aren’t you?
M: Yes, I am, and I’m counting the days until retirements.
Q: What can we learn about the man?
4. W: I guess I’ll send Mary a postcard from Hawaii when I go there on business.
M: I’m sure she’ll be glad to get one. She has a collection of cards from all over the world.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
5. W: I can’t decide whether to buy a new car or try to find a second-hand one.
M: If you buy a new one, you’ll probably save money in the long run.
Q: What does the man suggest to the woman?
6. M: How often can I take them?
W: Every four hours. They may cause some drowsiness, so be careful not to drive.
Q: What is the relationship between the man and the woman?
7. M: Susan, how long will your sister be staying with you?
W: Just a fortnight or so.
Q: How many days will she stay?
8. M: I’m anxious to get started on our project. Can we meet sometime before the weekend?
W: If we meet Friday morning, I’ll have time to go to the library that afternoon.
Q: What are the speakers discussing?
9. M: What’s the laughter and music? It sounds you are having a wonderful night.
W: It’s John. He has guests over, playing the piano and having a lot of fun.
Q: What are the man and woman talking about?
10.W: I can’t get over the way you treated me at our own dinner table.
M: I was irritated at something else. I said I was sorry. Do we have to go through all that again?
Q: What happened to the woman the other day?
Section B
Passage One
In the past 20 years, scientists have learnt a great deal about sleep and dreams. They have discovered, for example, that sleep and dreams affect the way people feel. A good night sleep, generally, makes a person happier in the morning. Dreams also have a strong effect on the moods of people. However, who appears in a dream is more important than what happens.
Every person has a special dream character. If the special character appears in dreams, people are happier after sleeping. If there are many people in one’s dreams, this has a good effect. A person will wake up happier.
The moods of people affect their performances throughout the day. The level of one’s moods rises and falls during the day. The less sleepy the people are, the better they perform, and usually they are more friendly, more aggressive, and more clear thinking.
Some day scientists hope to manipulate sleep in order to control the way people feel and perform.
Passage Two
In a great number of Western, as well as Eastern societies, many adults have been taught not to cry, or have even forgotten how. This is very unfortunate, because, although it may have been necessary at one point to learn to hold back one’s tears, the ability to cry is actually very human. It is a natural thing, and one of the special ways nature has given us to cure ourselves of the hurts we receive in the course of living.
If crying is helpful in the curing of physical ills, we can easily imagine the importance of tears and the ability to cry in the curing of emotion ills, and in helping people who are emotional well-being as well. You may have observed this in your personal life. For example, many times after a good cry, we can think more clearly or feel more lighthearted or sleep more easily, because some kind of load has been lifted from within.
Passage Three
Good evening, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome. I’m sure we have all heard the expression, “Think Green.” Tonight we are going to talk about ways that we can “Act Green” in our everyday life.
The best place to start, of course, is in the home. Every day, people all over the world are hurting the environment without even knowing it. For example, busy families buy paper napkins and plastic food wrap at the supermarket. This helps them save time on housework, but after these things have been used, what happens to them? They go into the garbage heap. In many places, especially in North America, big cities are running out of places to throw their package. What can we do about it?
How can we cut down on garbage? Well, we can start using cloth napkins and cloth towels instead of paper towels. When we go grocery shopping, we can choose products that are not “overpackaged.” For example, last week I bought a package of cookies. The cookies were in a bag. There was a plastic tray inside the bag, and then each cookies was in its own little package on the tray in the bag! That’s overpackaging! We should also take our own bags to the grocery store to carry things in.
答案与详解
Part Ⅰ
Section A
1.【答案】A。
【试题分析】地点判断题。
【详细解答】从女士的说话方式“United World College, can I help you”可以听出是在接电话。故选A。
2.【答案】B。
【试题分析】细节计算题。
【详细解答】女士说绿色的外套75元，没有买，而买了棕色的，省了15元，即60元。故选B。
3.【答案】C
【试题分析】本题考察对句子意思的理解。
【详细解答】男士说“I am counting the days until retirement”，通过关键词“retirement”，可知他即将退休。故应选C。
4.【答案】C。
【试题分析】本题要求所说的细节。
【详细解答】通过男士说的“She has a collection of cards from all over the world”，可知C为正确答案。
5.【答案】B。
【试题分析】本题考察对短语的理解。
【详细解答】“in the long run”意为“从长远看”，男士说从长远看，买新车省钱，可知他建议买新车。故选B。
6.【答案】D。
【试题分析】人物关系判断题。
【详细解答】根据对话情景，男士问女士多久服一次，女士回答每四小时服一次，不过可能会引起头晕，建议服后不要开车，可以听出是医生和病人的关系。故选D。
7.【答案】C。
【试题分析】连读拼音题。
【详细解答】本题测试考生能否辨别fortnight一词的发音及含义。容易把它听成four nights或forty nights。选项B则意欲测试考生是否听清了or so这个词组。Just a fortnight or so 的意思是“呆两个星期左右”，因此也就等于选择项C，即“大约半月”。
8.【答案】C。
【试题分析】特定信息回答题。
【详细解答】本题的信息焦点是男士急于知道“我们”（指谈话双方）何时开始一起完成那项作业“，女士回答说如果星期五早上碰面的话她才会有时间去图书馆。谈话内容是有关如何安排一起做作业的事。所以当回话人问及：“谈话人在讨论什么”时，应选择C。
9.【答案】C。
【试题分析】事实细节题。
【详细解答】女士回答到：It's John. He has some guests over, playing the piano and having a lot of fun （是约翰，他来了一些朋友，又弹琴又玩，很开心。因此选项C符合题意。
10.【答案】A。
【试题分析】句子理解题。
【详细解答】女士说道：我不能原谅你在饭桌上对我的那种态度。男士回答：是别的事把我惹怒了。我说了对不起了，还需要再来一次吗？所以说她上次被这个男士伤害了。
Section B
Passage One
内容概要:
本段听力材料讲的是做梦和人们情感的关系。科学家发现，良好的睡眠能够使人在第二天早上精神更好；做梦对人们的情绪也有影响，但是梦中人要比梦中事更为重要。
11.【答案】C。
【试题分析】归纳总结题。
【详细解答】本文主要讲了梦对人的影响，所以C最恰当。
12.【答案】D。
【试题分析】细节题。
【详细解答】文中提到“who appears in a dream is more important than what happens”，可知D项正确。
13.【答案】D。
【试题分析】细节题。
【详细解答】文中提到“The less sleepy the people are, the better they perform”，表明越清醒，人们的表现越好，故D正确。
14.【答案】B。
【试题分析】判断文章出处题。
【详细解答】根据内容可以判断此文处于科学报告，故选B。
Passage Two
内容概要:
本文提出成年人学会控制自己的感情不哭，这对人的健康是不利的。哭是人的本能，它能帮助治愈人身体上、感情上的疾病，同时减轻内心的负担。
15.【答案】C。
【试题分析】细节题。
【详细解答】短文中说无论是在东方还是在西方，许多成年人从小就学会不要哭，甚至许多人已经忘记了怎么哭了。这是很不幸的，因为虽然我们有时必须学会控制我们的眼泪，但是哭实际上是人类的本能。
16.【答案】C。
【试题分析】细节题。
【详细解答】短文中说如果哭能帮治愈身体上的疾病，我们可以想象哭也能解决感情上的问题，同时也能帮助那些感情上健康的人。例如，很多情况下，痛哭一场可以使我们的头脑更清醒，心情更轻松，睡梦更好，因为内心的负担减轻了。
17.【答案】D。
【试题分析】归纳总结题。
【详细解答】参考第（15）和（16）题。
Passage Three
内容概要:
本文讲的是环保问题。呼吁人们少用纸包装或塑料包装，而尽量使用桌布或餐巾布以减少环境污染。
18.【答案】B。
【试题分析】细节题。
【详细解答】短文中第二句话“Think Green”，“Act Green”。绿色与环境有关是一般
常识。
19.【答案】C。
【试题分析】细节题。
【详细解答】短文的第二段第二句话：people are hurting the environment without even knowing it, for example, busy families buy paper napkins and plastic food wrap.
20.【答案】A。
【试题分析】细节题。
【详细解答】短文的最后一句话：We should also take our own bags to the grocery store to carry things in.
Part Ⅱ
Passage One
内容概要:
本文主要讲媒体对时事的影响。文中列举了许多事例说明这一点。如电视和电话把人们与地球连到了一起，有位作家把地球村称之为“电子城”，媒体对事件的报道会提供强烈的反馈反过来又会影响事件本身等等。
21.【答案】B。
【译文】本文的最佳题目是媒体对时事的影响。
【试题分析】本题测试考生的综合理解能力。
【详细解答】从整篇文章看，作者主要讲的是媒体对时事的影响。第1段第1句和第二段的第1句就已点明。因而B）为正确答案。
22. 【答案】C
【译文】下列陈述不正确的是“所有发生在伯克利大学的事件在全国性的媒体都上报道了”。
【试题分析】事实细节题。
【详细解答】第2段，有“这些媒体拓宽了人们的视野和接触范围”一句。可见选项A）的意思是对的，也即不是正确选项。第2段最好一句也就是B的意思，因此B也是对的。D的内容与文章意思吻合，文中第2段中有这样一句话：这给观众以大灾难的印象。因而D）也不可能是正确选项。C说的是所有发生在伯克利大学的世界全国性的媒体都予以报道。但文章第1段第3句说，发生在伯克利加州大学的某些（不是所有）事件在全国性媒体上报道了。由此可见C）的说法与原文不符，故为正确选项。
23. 【答案】D。
【译文】电子城指的就是地球。
【试题分析】词语理解题。
【详细解答】本题问的是electronic city，实际上考的是对global village的理解。由于city一词，而且是个选择中的三个城市在文章中都被提到。因此该题目有一定的迷惑性。但如果考生知道global village是“地球村”的意思，也知道“电子城”就是指的“地球村”，那么这道题比较容易回答。
24. 【答案】A。
【译文】1992年落杉矶骚乱的原因是陪审团宣布殴打Rodney King的警察无罪。
【试题分析】事实细节题。
【详细解答】第3段第2句说这次骚乱是由于对Rodney被殴打一案所作的裁决引起的。后面还提到大多数看过Rodney King被殴打录像的人都无法理解为什么陪审团会宣布殴打无辜者的警察无罪。从这两句话可以得出A是正确选项。
25. 【答案】A。
【译文】媒体事件的报道既可带来好影响也可造成恶劣的后果。
【试题分析】推理引申题。
【详细解答】文中第3段说，媒体对事件的报道会提供强烈的反馈，反过来又会影
响事件本身。由此可知，媒体对事件的报道既可带来好的影响也可造成恶劣的后果，因此A是正确选项。
Passage Two
内容概要:
本文主要讲美国为保护残疾人而制定的各种法律。在享受医疗保健、教育和交通旅游权利等方面从法律上都有明确规定。
26. 【答案】B。
【译文】本文的主要目的是解释美国人为保护残疾人而制定的残疾人法。
【试题分析】归纳结论题。
【详细解答】这篇短文的中心内容就是讨论和解释美国人是如何从法律上和公共事业角度进行广泛的努力保护和帮助残疾人。选项B正好回答了这个问题。故B是正确答案。
27. 【答案】C
【译文】雇员少于15人的情况不在美国残疾人法的范围之内。
【试题分析】事实细节题。
【详细解答】选项C说的是少于15人的情况，而文中第二段第一句说的是雇员多于15人的雇主不得拒绝雇佣能够胜任工作的残疾人。因此C是排除于短文内容以外的选项。
28. 【答案】D。
【译文】公共设施包括食品店。
【试题分析】事实细节题。
【详细解答】第4段第2句话给public accommodation下定义是把选项D包括了进去，与parks, restaurants and hotels并列。
29. 【答案】A。
【译文】文中没有提及残疾人必须对其特殊住所支付费用。
【试题分析】事实细节题。
【详细解答】短文中没有讲到或暗示过残疾人必须对其特殊住所支付费用（peoplewith disabilities must pay for specialaccommodations），而B、C、及D项选择的内容在第一和第三段都讲到或暗示过。
30. 【答案】D。
【译文】可以推测大公司不可以歧视有残疾的工人。
【试题分析】推理引申题。
【详细解答】关键词是第二段前两个句子：（employers with fifteen or more employees may not refuse to hire or promote a person because of a disability... must take reasonable accommodations...）。A项选择不符合第4段的意思，B项选择不符合第3段的意思，而C项选择在短文中找不到支持信息。
Passage Three
内容概要:
本文第1段为主题段，点明了大脑左半球与语言机制之间的关系；第2、3段分别描述了大脑左前区和左后区损伤对语言机制的不同影响；最后一段主要是讲大脑右半球在大脑左半球受损导致失语症时的代偿作用。
31. 【答案】C。
【译文】本文主要是为了说明大脑左半球对语言机制的重要性。
【试题分析】归纳结论题。
【详细解答】文章第1段就概括了这篇文章是关于大脑左半球与语言机制的关系，大脑左半球对语言机制起着重要的作用。所以C）是正确答案。
32. 【答案】B。
【译文】勃洛卡区失语症病人和韦尼克失语症病人不同，前者既能听懂也能读懂。
【试题分析】事实细节题。
【详细解答】第2段第3、4、5句告诉我们，大脑左前区损伤对说和写的能力有严重影响，但一般不会影响听和读的理解。因此选项A）和C）有部分差错，选项D）完全不对，而惟有选项B）正确。
33. 【答案】A。
【译文】大脑右半球在在左半球受损伤的情况下具有代偿作用。
【试题分析】事实细节题。
【详细解答】依据是最后一段第1句。既然在大脑左半球受伤而造成严重失语症的情况下，儿童的大脑右半球通常可形成代偿机制，就说明大脑右半球具有充当“语言区”的潜力。所以A）是正确答案
34. 【答案】C。
【译文】成年人的失语症经常导致永久的损伤是因为大脑右半球不再具有适应性。
【试题分析】推理引申题。
【详细解答】从最后一段我们得知，同是“语言区”（即大脑左半球）损伤导致严重失语症，儿童的失语症通常可由大脑右半球语言机制的发展得到一定弥补，但成人的失语症则一般是永久的。这种对比说明，成人的大脑右半球已不像儿童（即从前）那样具有适应性。因而答案应选C）。
35. 【答案】A。
【译文】作者的描述的依据是大脑损伤进行的临床观察和研究。
【试题分析】推理引申题。
【详细解答】本文是通过描述大脑不同部位损伤与失语症之间的关系来论证主题的，而在四个选项中只有采用A）的方法（即对脑损伤进行临床观察和研究）才能发现这种关系。
Passage Four
内容概要:
本文讲的是睡眠问题。琼斯医生说，睡眠紊乱经常被诊断为其他毛病。睡眠有规律是很重要的。与睡前的活动也有关系。晚饭不要吃得太晚， 睡前避免过长时间的运动，洗个热水澡，都会使人睡得香一点。
36. 【答案】C。
【译文】平均而言，美国人的睡眠时间比过去少。
【试题分析】事实细节题。
【详细解答】答本题应仔细阅读头上两段。第2段说，美国人现在平均每天只睡7个半小时，比1910年平均睡9个小时要少得多。而且，有将近三分之一的美国人在工作完后只剩6个小时还不到的睡眠时间。对大多数人而言，这是不够的。故只有C是正确选项。
37. 【答案】A。
【译文】为了保证身体正常工作，我们应该至少有8个小时的睡眠时间。
【试题分析】事实细节题。
【详细解答】[JP+3]本题测试考生对第1段最后第2句话的理解。该句说，大多数男人和女人每晚需要8到8个半小时的睡眠时间才能保证他们的正常工作。因此A是正确答案。
38. 【答案】C。
【译文】作者认为，睡眠紊乱是由于不合理的睡眠方式引起的。
【试题分析】事实细节题。
【详细解答】第3段第3句说，“许多睡眠问题是由晚睡晚起、经常作跨时区旅行及上夜班引起的”。在这里只提到了“晚睡晚起”，即C所指的improper sleep patterns，而没有提到其他疾病、睡前锻炼和慢性疲劳综合症，因此惟有C是正确选项。
39. 【答案】B。
【译文】睡眠之前洗个热水澡可以帮助你睡的香一些。
【试题分析】事实细节题。
【详细解答】本题问的是下面的措施中哪一个可以帮助你睡得香一些。文章最后一句说，改变一下生活方式可以帮助你睡得香一些，句中列举的几项措施包括晚饭不要吃得太晚或洗个热水澡等。故B“洗个热水澡”是正确选项。
40. 【答案】C。
【译文】为了得到足够的睡眠，有必要牺牲其他事情。
【试题分析】词语理解题。
【详细解答】本题考对短语“sleep defensively”的意思理解，这要从上下文去理解。下面一句话说，人们须挤出足够的睡眠时间，哪怕这意味着放弃其他的事情。这就解释了该短语的意义。因此选项C“如果必要人们应牺牲其他事情来得到足够的睡眠”是正确答案。
Part Ⅲ
41. 【答案】B 。
【译文】尽管你的建议值得考虑，但董事会认为投资一大笔资金是不明智的。
【试题分析】词语辨析题，要求考生能辨析几个词的语义差别，并能正确使用。
【详细解答】since和as表示原因，assuming表示假设，但不难看出本题的主句和从句之间应该是转折关系。所以答案是B。
42.【答案】B 。
【译文】土豆可以提前一点时间做好，当大家都到齐了，再放在微波炉加热一下。
【试题分析】本题测试副词修饰短语时的位置
【详细解答】ahead of time表示“提前”，是一个短语，a little是修饰“提前”这个短语的，相当于一个副词，a little不能修饰名词time。
43.【答案】A。
【译文】在此方面，安理会得到了大多数联合国成员国的支持。
【试题分析】形容词辨析题，要求考生能辨析几个形容词词的语义差别。
【详细解答】overwhelming意为“压倒的，势不可挡的”，常和majority连用，表示“压倒性的多数，绝大多数”；tremendous意为“巨大的”；demanding是demand的现在分词形式，其意思相当于形容词，表示“有需求的；要求的”；intensive意为“加强的，集中的”。
44.【答案】B。
【译文】他一心要找到自己的道路，所以一直锲而不舍。
【试题分析】本题是测试短语用法。
【详细解答】intent on专心、执着：he is intent on his study.他专心学习；adequ
ate for满足：The quality of the product is quite adequate for local purposes.这
种产品的质量完全可以满足当地的需求；short of和deficient in都是缺少的意思，如：be
short of books缺少书籍；be deficient in courage缺乏勇气。只有B合适。
45.【答案】D。
【译文】他们摆出那些事实来阐明目前的主要问题。
【试题分析】本题是测试几个动词短语的用法。
【详细解答】pour scorn on意为“以鄙夷的口气说到”；heap praise upon/on表示“对……大加称赞”；give vent to意为表达；cast light upon表示“（使某事）更为清楚、阐明”。只有D合适。
46.【答案】D。
【译文】什么都不能把我们困在室内，即使是前天晚上一直困扰着我们的那个令人沮丧、忧郁的想法。
【试题分析】本题是测试动词的辨析。
【详细解答】 constrain意为“强迫、勉强（某人）做某事”；dominate意为“统治，占支配、主导地位”；restrict指“约束、限制”；occupy意为“占、占领、占据、使忙碌、使从事”。本题中是动词的过去分词做宾补。只有D合适。
47.【答案】B。
【译文】我们必须积聚力量，努力地向上游前进。
【试题分析】本题测试动词词组的用法。
【详细解答】 sum up意为“总结”；summon up指“鼓起（勇气）”；catch on指“理解、明白”；watch out意为“注意、监视、当心（某事）”。只有B合适。
48.【答案】C。
【译文】预计这种安排将会合理地支配时间，而且有助于突破雇工和雇员之
间的障碍。
【试题分析】本题测试动词的不同含义。
【详细解答】 manifest意为“展现、使显示”；articulate 指“清晰地发音”；anticipate指“预期、预计”；monitor意为“监视、监听”。所以答案只有C合适。
49.【答案】B。
【译文】宇航员说，宇宙膨胀得要比他们想象的快得多。
【试题分析】本题测试点在于动词辨析。
【详细解答】 stretch指“伸展”，stretch oneself的意思是“伸懒腰”；prolong意为“延长”，extend指“扩展”，extend oneself表示“竭尽全力”；expand“膨胀”，只有B与句
意吻合。
50.【答案】C。
【译文】因特网作为一种服务，以及商业和娱乐的媒介，电子隐私对它的持续发展起着重要的作用。
【试题分析】本题测试点在于形容词词义辨析。
【详细解答】 subordinate“下级的，附属的”，常用subordinate to；cumulative“累积的，渐增的”，不与介词to连用；crucial“关键的，关系重大的”；satisfactory“令人满意的”。C)与句意吻合。
51.【答案】B。
【译文】为了经营好你的餐厅，你的服务员必须照料到顾客的需要。
【试题分析】本题测试动词词组的不同含义。
【详细解答】look into“调查、检查”；see to“照料、照顾、负责”；make over“改变、重新制作”； come through“冲破、突破、康复、避免受到严重伤害”。根据句意应选B)。
52.【答案】B。
【译文】她分析了在她研究兴趣领域内最相关的信息，然后确定了研究问题和假设。
【试题分析】本题测试根据语境选择合适的单词。
【详细解答】pertinent“有关的、中肯的”；pervasive“流行的、普遍的”；acute“敏锐的、急性的”；persistent“持续的”。根据句意应选B)。
53.【答案】D。
【译文】学校提供的资助金仅仅面向那些做出杰出贡献的教授。
【试题分析】本题考查相近词汇的辨析。
【详细解答】treaty“条约”；lease“租约”；engagement“约定、婚约、约会”；subsidy“资助金”。根据句意应选D)。
54.【答案】A。
【译文】或许一个好的网页设计的最重要的因素是它的清晰布局，即电子建筑。
【试题分析】本题考查名词的辨析。
【详细解答】ingredient（混合物的）组成部分、配料、（构成）要素、因素、成分；element（元素、因素）；component（部分、成分、组件、元件）；constituent（成分、组成、组成物）。这四个词容易混淆。element通常指一个整体中基本的，不可缺少的或固有的成分
，它所强调的常常是一个整体中，没有发生变化的物质，也指一个有机整体中那些熔融和改变了形态的部分；component和constituent多指机械装置的（组）成（部）分。只有A)合适。
55.【答案】C。
【译文】他1912年5月6号离开菲律宾群岛，然后途经苏伊士运河和欧洲返回美国。
【试题分析】本题考查动词的辨析。
【详细解答】deviate vi.“背离、偏离”，和from形成固定搭配；disconnect“断开，联系不上”；detach “使分离、使分开、拆卸”，常与介词from搭配；distort “歪曲、扭曲、使变形”。根据题意，应该选择C)。
56.【答案】C。
【译文】由市长主持召开会议讨论该市的税收问题。
【试题分析】本题考查动词的辨析。
【详细解答】presume“假设、假定”；propeller “推进”；preside“主持”，与介词over连用；prick “戳、刺”。根据题意，应该选择C)。
57.【答案】B。【译文】他常常试图贬低他的同事的成就，最终被解雇了。
【试题分析】本题考查动词的辨析。
【详细解答】withdraw “收回、撤退”；diminish“贬低、减少、缩小”；restrain“阻止、约束、抑制”；confine“限制、监禁”。根据题意，应该选择B）。
58.【答案】C。
【译文】人们认为这位总统的多变的政策比以往更有利于人民的利益。
【试题分析】本题考查介词短语的辨析。
【详细解答】at a loss“不知所措”；at a stroke“一举、一下子、立刻”；at large“整体上、普遍地、在逃”；at hand“在手边；在近处”，应该选择C）。
59.【答案】B。
【译文】高速路上的频繁车祸正引起人们的密切关注。
【试题分析】本题考查名词的辨析。
【详细解答】coincidence “巧合、同时发生”；occurrence“发生、出现”；circumstance“形式、情况、事态”；occasion“场合、时刻”，应该选择B）。
60.【答案】D。
【译文】有时由于一些决策者的眼光短浅使国家利益蒙受重大损失。
【试题分析】本题考查介词短语的辨析。
【详细解答】in the place of “代替、取代”；for the sake of “为了……利益、看在……的份上”；in view of“鉴于、考虑到”；on the part of“由……表现出的”。根据题意，应该选择D）。
61.【答案】D。
【译文】所有参观该艺术馆的人都要遵守规定。
【试题分析】本题考查动词的辨析。
【详细解答】concede（to）：给予、让步；assent（to）：同意；conform（to）：遵守、与……一致；comply（with）：遵守。所以答案应为D)。
62.【答案】A。
【译文】我想首先论述一个问题，尼尔对此问题未做明确说明，而我认为此问题是个盲区。
【试题分析】本题考查副词的辨析。
【详细解答】explicitly：明确地；ultimately：最终；fundamentally：根本上；conceputally：概念上。根据句意，应选A)。
63.【答案】A。
【译文】读者会发现一所图书馆的藏书通常分为两大类。
【试题分析】本题考查动词短语的辨析。
【详细解答】fall into：分成、分为；run into：偶然碰到、撞上、共计；separate into：分开；turn into：变成。根据句意，应选A)。
64.【答案】A。
【译文】美国政府对我方努力妥善安置机组人员表示感谢。
【试题分析】本题考查动词短语的辨析。
【详细解答】see about：安排、办理；bring about：带来、造成；set about：开始做、着手处理；go about：着手。根据句意，应选A)。65.【答案】B。
【译文】所有的政府官员，不论职位高低，都有义务关心广大人民群众的福利与健康。
【试题分析】本题考查动词的辨析。
【详细解答】 accustom：使习惯于；commit（oneself to）：承担义务；献身于；表态；accommodate：容纳；向……提供（食宿）；适应；adapt：使适应、改编。根据句意，应选B)。
66.【答案】A。
【译文】但是由于我不熟悉Linux系统，所以我不能修改编纂错误。
【试题分析】本题形近动词的辨析。
【详细解答】 rectify：改正、矫正；oblige：施恩、加惠；reconcile：使和好、调和；obscure：隐晦、掩蔽。根据句意，应为选项A)。
67.【答案】B。
【译文】许多动物之所以濒临灭绝是因为没有好的生存习惯。
【试题分析】本题考察形容词的辨析。
【详细解答】 feeble：虚弱的、无力的；extinct：灭绝的；massive：巨大的、大块的；extinguished：熄灭的、消灭的。选项B）和选项D）意思相近，容易发生混淆。extinct多指生物种群的灭绝；而extinguished多指火焰等的熄灭。因此选B)。
68.【答案】B。
【译文】寄生虫的无性繁殖周期出现在红细胞里，这样可以避开免疫系统的攻击。
【试题分析】本题考察形近异义名词的辨异。
【详细解答】 manipulation：操纵、控制、操作；reproduction：复制、繁殖、生殖；circulation：传播、发行量；penetration：渗入、透入。根据题意应该是B）。
69.【答案】A。
【译文】在19世纪，热并未被看做是微小分子间运动的表现形式。
【试题分析】本题考察名词的辨异。
【详细解答】 manifestation：表现、现象；acceleration：加速；abundance：丰富、大量；deterioration：恶化。根据题意应该是A）。70.【答案】B。
【译文】当灯芯一端浸入煤油里时点燃另一端，就会冒出火苗。
【试题分析】本题考察动词的辨异。
【详细解答】 restrain：限制、抑制、牵制；immerse：浸入；purify：净化；deform：使……畸形。根据题意应该是B）。
Part Ⅳ
试题分析:
本题目所要改的错大都属于词义、词汇用法、词语搭配、习惯用法、句子结构等方面的问题。
【参考答案】
71.and→but。and表示递进并列关系；but表示转折关系。根据上下文应用but。
72. about→for。reason与介词for搭配，表示“……的原因”。
73. very better→very much better。very不能修饰形容词的比较级，只能用much,far, very much, a lot, any, no, rather, a little, a bit修饰。
74. by→in。by the way：顺便说一下；in the right way：以正确的方式，又如：in your own way：以自己的方式。
75. pronounce→pronouncing。在that 引导的宾语从句中主语是动名词短语pronouncing a foreign language,原形动词（这里为pronounce）不能作主语。
76. himself→itself。one在本句中不是指人，所以其反身代词可用itself，而不用himself。
77. concerning→concerned。be concerned with：关于，如：The book is chiefly concerned with history。concerning作分词用，意为“涉及到”，此处不仅词义不当，而且concering后绝不能加with。
78. may→should。may表示推测、请求、允许或祝愿：should表示义务、建议、惊奇、推测等。这里讲的是老师的义务，故应该为should。
79. worth→worthy。 worth可用在两个结构中，后面跟ing形式。1)用先行词it作主语，如：it isn't worth getting upset。2)用名次或代词作主语，如：The book is not worth reading. worthy 多用于worthy of + n. or be worthy to + v. 结构中，也可用作定语，如：a cause worthy of support/ a man who is worthy to have a place in the team/ a worthy winner。
80. where→when。occasion是指动作发生的时机而不是地点，故应用表示时间的副词引导的定语从句修饰occasion。
Part Ⅴ
参考范文
Information in the Modern World
Information is of great significance in the modern world. Since the world is developing at an ever-increasing speed, it is important for us to be well-informed.
Otherwise, we will fail to keep pace with the fast developing world. Therefore,
on the one hand, we need information to communicate with each other, on the other hand, we are in need of it to compete with others and to attain our goals. Success in many fields depends on the acquisition of the latest information, while failure results from the lack of necessary information.
Then how to get well-informed? Today, there are many means of getting and exchanging information which enable us to keep up with what is going on in the world. For example, reading newspapers, listening to the radio and watching TV are common means of getting information. In addition, in the booming age of science and
technology, people can have easy access to the Internet, which proves the most convenient and efficient bridge to the outside world.
As to the role of information in the future, I assume that it will play a more and more crucial role in society. And what is more important is that people can acquire more prompt and extensive information on which their success depends.
本套试卷测试语言重点
10个重点单词：
overwhelming:压倒的、势不可挡的
anticipate:预期、预计
expand:膨胀
crucial:重要的、关键的
detach (from):使分离、使分开、拆卸
preside (over):主持
diminish:贬低、减少、缩小
occurrence:发生、出现
explicitly:清晰地、显而易见地
rectify:改正、矫正
4个重点词组：
intent on:专心、执着
cast light upon:使(某事）更为清楚、阐明
summon up: 鼓起（勇气）
see to:照料、照顾、负责
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