|
Test Six
1
Sometimes the U.S. government goes out of its way to prove it can be an absolute nuisance. Take the case of Southern Clay, Inc., which has a factory at Paris, Tennessee, putting out a clay product for catboxes best known as “Kitty Litter.”It’s a simple enough process, but the Federal Mine Safety and Health Administration insists that since clay comes from the ground—an excavation half a mile from the Kitty Litter plant—the company actually is engaged in mining and milling. Therefore, says MSHA, Southern Clay is subject to all the rules that govern, say, coal miners working in shafts several hundred feet down.
The company has been told to devise an escape system and firefighting procedure in case there is a fire in its “mine.” Southern Clay estimates it will lose 6,000 manhours in production time giving its 250 factory workers special training in how to escape from a mine disaster.
One thing that has always impressed us about cats, in addition to their tidiness, is that they seem to watch the human world with a sense of wise and detached superiority, as though they wondered what the hustle and bustle is all about. If they grin from time to time, as some people insist, it’s no wonder.
1. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to ____.
A. explain how Kitty Litter is produced
B. describe the Mine Safety and Health Administration
C. show how tidy cats are
D. show that the government can sometimes be a nuisance
2. The clay excavation is ____.
A. half a mile underground
B. several miles from Paris, Tennessee
C. worked by miners in shafts several hundred feet down
D. half a mile from the Kitty Litter plant
3. What is the meaning of “manhour”?
A. The time needed in finishing the work by one man.
B. The work done by one man in one hour.
C. The man needed in finishing the work in one hour.
D. The work done by one man.
4. Judging from the passage, has the company devised an escape system and firefighting procedure?
A. Yes, the company has done so because it is an order.
B. Of course, the company has done so although the company is reluctant.
C. No, the company has not done so.
D. We could not judge from the passage.
5. What does the author mean by the passage’s last sentence?
A. Cats sometimes seem to be amused by human antics.
B. People sometimes appear to be laughing at the antics of cats.
C. Some people think cats are laughing at the Kitty Litter plant.
D. Some people think cats are laughing at the futility of firefighting procedures.
2
In the interest of lightness of weight, everything you carry in your pack should serve as many purposes as possible. Clothing and sleeping gear constitute the greatest amount of bulk in your pack and probably the most weight. Thus, you should choose clothes and sleeping gear with a great deal of versatility in mind. Get the maximum use from the various items of clothing and sleeping gear and combinations of them.
For example, instead of two pairs of long pants, carry one pair of long pants and a pair of shorts. You can wear the shorts alone, or the long pants alone, or both at the same time.
The same with shirts. Instead of one heavy shirt, carry two mediumweight shirts—one with long sleeves, one with short sleeves.
Carry two lightweight wool sweaters instead of a heavy sweater or jacket. Even better, carry a lightweight wool sweater and a wind shell. This gives you three possibilities: sweater alone, shell alone, sweater and shell together.
Additionally, you will be warmer in several layers of clothing than in one layer of heavy clothing. The shell, light sweater, and two shirts will keep you warmer than one shirt and a heavy sweater or jacket.
This same layering principle applies when you sleep. Better to have a lightweight sleeping bag and wear several layers of clothing than to have a heavyduty, lowtemperature sleeping bag.
Of course, different people sleep warm or cold, depending upon their body metabolism. And those needs should obviously be considered in the assembly of clothes they carry.
Should you find yourself in a freak situation such as zero temperature, when you start out in weather that should not have dropped below 30 degrees, there are a number of things you can do to improve the warmth of your sleep.
(1) You can sleep inside a tent, of course. This increases the temperature by 5 to 10 degrees and it cuts the wind chill factor substantially. (2) Camp out of the wind if possible. This cuts down the wind chill factor. (3) Place your sleeping bags close together. This retains the heat for all of you. (4) Camp on the side of a hill instead of on the valley floor, especially on clear nights. Warmer air lifts up and off the valley floor on clear nights. There can be as much as 15 degrees difference between the temperature on the side of the hill and that on the valley floor.
6. The author believes that everything in your pack should ____.
A. be lightweight
B. serve an important purpose
C. serve several purposes
D. keep the pack warm
7. All of the following aspects of backpacking are discussed in the passage except ____.
A. wearing several layers of clothing
B. getting maximum use from your pack material
C. improving the warmth of your sleep
D. forecasting the weather
8. According to the passage, it would be more advantageous to pack ____.
A. a light sleeping bag, pants and shorts, a heavy jacket, and a shirt
B. a light sleeping bag, two pairs of pants, and a heavy jacket
C. a light sleeping bag, two pairs of pants, and a light sweater and shirt
D. a light sleeping bag, pants and shorts, and a light sweater and shirt
9. Why is it warmer on the side of a hill than on the valley floor?
A. Because warmer air lifts up and off the valley floor, especially on clear nights.
B. Because there is difference between the temperature.
C. Because cold wind blows down to the valley.
D. No information is mentioned in the passage.
10.According to the passage, if you were camping in 10° weather and the temperature dropped to 10° below zero, you could compensate for this by ____.
A. sleeping in a tent with special layers of clothing
B. sleeping in a tent on the side of a hill
C. sleeping on the side of a hill
D. sleeping on the side of a hill out of the wind
3
A treaty on an international Law of the Sea will be signed in Caracas, Venezuela, where negotiations under the auspices of the United Nations began in 1974.
The date of the signing ceremony necessarily remains uncertain, but a sense of urgency remains.
Despite the fact that some 60 weeks have been spent in actual conference sessions, the issues which have plagued the series of Law of the Sea meetings from the beginning have yet to be resolved.
The principal roadblock to a formal pact deals with the potential wealth to be mined from the ocean and just how it will be controlled and distributed. Some of the 140 nations participating in the debate are landlocked. Few have the technological ability or the capital to establish an operation to mine the seabeds for the manganese, nickel, copper, and cobalt known to tempt commercial development. But all want to share in the rewards.
There is a growing awareness that mining organizations are going to be wary of heavy fees and taxes that could doom a venture before it is well begun. The focus now is on creation of some sort of international authority to monitor seabed enterprises and their profits.
The goal of a treaty draft from current negotiations at United Nations headquarters in New York is unlikely to be achieved, according to U.S. AmbassadoratLarge Elliot Richardson. Although Richardson described the conference mood as “constructive,” he is optimistic only to the extent that there is “every indication of an eventual treaty.”
And the most optimistic outlook is for a signing ceremony late next year—or perhaps in 1981.
11.The purpose of the passage is to ____.
A. describe the rules for the Law of the Sea
B. offer a status report on negotiations for a Law of the Sea
C. describe Elliot Richardson’s efforts toward a Law of the Sea
D. describe seabed mining operation
12.According to the passage the main obstacle to negotiating a Law of the Sea is ____.
A. arriving at an agreement on how to distribute the wealth from seabed mining operations
B. finding ways to finance seabed mining operations
C. acquiring the technological ability to mine seabeds
D. determining how to limit the heavy fees and taxes associated with seabed mining
13.According to the passage, the main problem that the mining organizations must deal with now is ____.
A. every nation should share in rewards
B. to aware heavy fees and taxes
C. to create international authority
D. to sign an international Law of the Sea
14.The current negotiations on an international Law of the Sea are taking place at ____.
A. Caracas, Venezuela
B. United Nations headquarters in New York
C. Elliot Richardson’s office
D. The information is not given in the article
15.According to the article all the following statements are true except ____.
A. most of the 140 nations do not have the technology to mine the seabed
B. one of the goals of the conference is the establishment of an international authority to watch over seabed mining operations
[1] [2] [3] 下一页
|
