|
TEST 6
Put the pedal to the metal, if you’re driving in Montana. That state is ab
out to abandon the littleloved 65mph speed limitand, indeed, any limit at all. The state’s regulators have been wanting to do this for years, but until now
were prevented by a federal law passed 22 years ago.
The end came on November 28th, when a new federal highway bill was signed into law by President Clinton. The president admitted misgivings, perhaps because his own father had been killed in a road accident, but it was clear that a veto would have been most unpopular. The old speed limit was “about the most disregarded law in America”, notes Csaba Csere. editor of Car Driver magazine. A recent study, he said, found that the average speed on interstate highways in Michigan was 74mph. Until this week, the official limit was 55mph on urban freeways and 65mph on rural expressways.
Out west, where a motorist may travel 100 miles without seeing another car, nine states will immediately jump to at least 70mph, and Nevada, Wyoming and Kansas will go to 75mph; in Montana it is any speed you like in the daytime (though
lorries must still keep to 65). Farther east, where traffic is denser and the weather less reliable, some states are likely to keep to 5565mph.
The national speed limit was passed in 1973 when the first oil crisis had almost trebled fuel prices. In 1974, Congress ordered a 50mph limit, raised to 55 when the oil crisis had passed. But by then safety enthusiasts were arguing that
lower speed limits would sharply reduce road deaths, and they continued to argue their case even as Mr Cliton signed the bill this week. The change is “equiva
lent to a death sentence to thousands of Americans”, says Joan Claybrook, a former head of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
Questions:
1. The passage was probably written in ____ ____ ____ ____ ________ ____ ____ ____ ____.
2. It seems that Clinton’s signing the new federal highway bill partly due
to ________ ____ ____ ____
____ ____ ____ ____ ____.
3. According to Csaba. Csere, a recent study suggested ____ ____ ____ ____ ________ ____ ____ ____ ____.
4. After the new limit was signed into the law, the actual speed limit of
each state is ________ ____ ____ ________ ____ ____ ____ ____.
5. According last paragraph, the old national speed limit related to ____ ____ ____ ____ ________ ____ ____
____ ____.
答案部分
短文大意
本文主要谈论是以蒙大拿州人为例的美国人渴望取消现行的时速限制，简要描述了新的联
邦高速公路法案实施前，美国人行车速度现状，及新的法案实施后，不同地区不同的具体
规定，最后，文章指出，仍有人对新的法案持不同意见。
1.【参考答案】1995
【答题技巧】 纵观全文进行简单的推理是本文的关键。
【详细解答】这个问题问的是写这篇文章的时间。文中第一段提到：……but now were p
revented by federal law passed 22 years ago.“22 year”告诉我们，时速限制法距现
在是22年。文中第二段第三段均未再提及旧方案的问题，但最后一段的第一句话明确指出“The national speed limit was passed in 1973……”，那么，经过简单的推理，两个数
字相加；即：1995。
2.【参考答案】fear to be unpopular
【答题技巧】由结果推向原因，是本题的技巧。
【详细解答】问题是：克林顿签署新的联邦高速公路法案是出于什么原因。这是一个因果
型的问题。第二段的第一句话是：…，when a new federal highway bill was signed into law by President Clinton.这样，我们找出了事情的结果，接下来，文章继续告诉我们
可能是由于克林顿的父亲在交通事故中丧生，所以总统承认对这项法案感到十分担忧，但是
，很显然如果他否决这项法案将十分不得人心。(a veto would have been most unpopular
).因此，我们可得出结论：也许是担心会不得人心。
3.【参考答案】the old speed limit is disregarded
【答题技巧】根据事实找结论，是本题的技巧。
【详细解答】本题问的是最近的调查表明了什么。在第二段的结尾，可以看到：A recent
study found that average speed on interstate highways in Michigan was 74mph.Until this week ,the official limit was 55mph on urban freeways and 65mph on rural expressways.(在密执安州州际公路上行驶的车辆的平均速度是74/小时，但直到本周，城市 车道的法定时速限制是55公里/小时，乡村高速公路是65英里/小时)这句话具体告诉了调查的内容，但这是现象，由现象我们发现实际车速比法定的要高许多，即：人们忽视了时速限定法。其实，这个结论在前面也可以找到原话：The old speed limit was “about the most disregarded”law in American.
4.【参考答案】different (from each other)/quiet different
【答题技巧】 归纳总结后得出结论是本题的唯一办法。
【详细解答】 本题问的是，新限制法案颁布后，各州的实际速度限制怎么样。这个题的
答案在文中是找不是相应原文的，必经过总结后才能得出。第三段整个介绍了：两部九个州
直接把速度提高到70英里/小时，内华达，怀俄明，堪萨斯提高至75英里/小时，蒙拿大更自由了，而东海岸地区，仍然为55——65英里/小时，经过分析。不难得出，各州情况很不相同。无论答案怎么写，但different一词，是必须要有的。
5.【参考答案】oil crisis
【答题技巧】 综合考虑是本题的关键。
【详细解答】 本题问的是旧的国家时 速限制与什么有关。本题只要看懂了最后一段的前
两句话，问题就有了结论。前两句的意思是：国家时速法案1973年通过，当时第一次石油危机使燃料价格增长了两倍。到了1974年，国会明令为50英里/小时，石油危机过后提高到55英里/小时。通过这两句话我们得知，1973年 法规的制定与74年的修改，都与oil crisis有关，因此，答案理应为oil crisis.
简答部分
For well over a century, one street in New York
City has been known for the heart of the American 1. ___
theater. The name of the street is Broadway. Mention
that name to anyone has ever visited New York, and 2. ___
he will remember bright lights, eager crowds, and
electric air of excitement. 3. ___
Over the years, Broadway has been known success 4. ___
and failure, praise and scorn. In recent time it
has faced special problems, both in artistic and 5. ___
financial. Yet, in spite all its imperfections, Broadway 6. ___
remains the center of the theatrical activity in the
United States. The goal of young performers in the
U.S. is still to act in a Broadway play.
On Broadway, a play must be popular to attract 7. ___
audiences over a long period of time. A long run is
essnetial because Broadway theaters are given financial 8. ___
support by the government, as are leading theaters
in most other countries. Instead, funds are
raised to individual productions and must be repaid to 9. ___
the investors,if at all possible. The producers need
to find plays which will please audiences. Often the
result is a play with little artistic price. 10. ___
答案部分
1. 【参考答案】将for改为as。
【参考译文】 一个多世纪以来，纽约的一条街道甚是因美国的戏剧中心而闻名。
【试题分析】 本题是介词误用的问题而导致词组意义的改变。
【详细解答】 词组be known for和be known as 都有“以……闻名”之意，区别在于be known for这个结构要说明的是某物或某人因有某个特点而闻名，这个特点并不等于事物或人物本身。如
：She is known for her generosity. Guilin is known for its beautiful sceneries;
而be known as结构中，跟在as后面的成分与充当主语的成分之间是可以划等号的。如：She’s known as a great singer; Sammud Clemens, know as Mark Twain, became a famous American writer。
2. 【参考答案】将anyone has ever visited改为anyone who has ever visited。
【参考译文】 这条街就是百老汇大街。向任何去过纽约的人提到这条街，他就会想起明亮的街灯，热切的人群，和那种非常兴奋的热烈气氛。
【试题分析】 本题是缺少定语从句关系代词的问题。
【详细解答】 mention that name to anyone已经算得上是一个成分齐全结构完整的句
子，后面如果再跟其成分，就只能是一个修饰anyone的定语，而has ever visited New York
city在句中只能作谓语成分，与前面一句相联系，须加关系代词who，使之成为anyone的定语从句。
3. 【参考答案】将electric air改为an electric air。
【参考译文】 同上句。
【试题分析】 此题属于误解词意的问题。
【详细解答】 air一词作“空气”讲时，是不可数名词，前面不能加不定冠词，如breathing in the fresh morning air, There was a smell of buring leaves in the air. air
作“气氛，样子”讲时，是不可数名词，尤其是前面有形容词修饰时，一般应加冠词，如：
There was an air of excitement in the meeting. He has an air of importance.而文
中的air正是“气氛”之意，an electric air of excitement指热烈激动的气氛。
4. 【参考答案】将has been known success改为has known success。
【参考译文】 几年以来，百老汇经历过成功与失败，受到赞扬与蔑视。
【试题分析】 不了解词义而导致被动语态的误用。
【详细解答】 删去been,变Broadway has been known success.为Broadway has known success and failure，可得到一个“主语+谓语+宾语”的主动结构，句中known意为“经历，体验”如：He has known both grief and happiness.悲伤和欢乐的滋味他都尝过。还有一点值得注意，一般不用be known by somebody这个被动结构。
5. 【参考答案】将both in artistic and financial改为both artistic and financial。
【参考译文】 近年来，百老汇面临着艺术和经济上的很多特殊问题。
【试题分析】 本题属于滥用介词的错误。
【详细解答】 这里artistic和financial两个形容词是special problems的后置定语，如还原其位置，可以放在special problem前直接起修饰作用，因此不需要加介词。
6. 【参考答案】将in spite 改为in spite of。
【参考译文】 然而，尽管有种种不尽如人意的地方，百老汇仍旧是美国戏剧活动的中心。
【试题分析】 本题是误用固定搭配的问题。
【详细解答】 in spite of虽然，尽管……仍，总是一起使用，不可缺一，后面跟名词词组或名词性从句。如：I went out in spite of rain.尽管下雨，我仍然外出。In spite of a slight improvement in sales, the company is still making a loss.公司的销售情况虽然稍有改善，但还在亏本。
7. 【参考答案】将popular to attract改为popular enough to attract。
【参考译文】 在百老汇，一出戏剧必须非常受欢迎，能够长期地吸引住观众。
【试题分析】 本题是没有正确使用限定词的错误。
【详细解答】 “形容词+enough+动词不定式”这个固定的结构常用来表示“……得足够
……”之意，如：Would you be kind enough to let us know the date of your arrival?请你把到达的日期告诉我们好吗?
8. 【参考答案】将are given改为are not given。
【参考译文】 像其它国家大多数重要的剧院一样，由于没有得到政府的经济资助，长期的连续演出对于百老汇剧院是非常必要的。
【试题分析】 本题属于没有理解文章意思，没有正确使用否定形式。
【详细解答】 从译文以及从上下文来看，此处应是百老汇的剧院没有得到政府的资助，
如果有政府的资助，百老汇剧院就不必像文章所说的那样窘迫了，因此应加not。
9. 【参考答案】将funds are raised to 改为funds are raised for。
【参考译文】 如果有可能的话，会为某一部戏剧集资，而且戏剧的收入必须偿还给投资者。
【试题分析】 本题是没有弄清句子结构，误用介词的问题。
【详细解答】 从结构上说，funds are raised to后面应该跟动词，表示要集资的目的
是为“做某事”，如：Funds are raised to improve the football pitch.筹集资金维修足
球场 。而funds are raised for后面应该跟名词，表示“为谁”而集资。如：Funds are
raised for children who were deprived of education.为失学儿童筹集资金。而文章中
说的是：individual productions,所以应该把to改为for。
10. 【参考答案】将artistic price改为artistic value。
【参考译文】 经常会导致一出戏剧没有什么艺术价值。
【试题分析】 本题是误用形近词，词义混淆的错误。
【详细解答】 price指的是物品的价格。如：What’s the price of this suit?这套西服价钱是多少?House prices are rising.房价正在上涨。而value指的是某物的价值或重要性。如：Because of continual price increases, the value of the pound has fallen in recent years.近年来，由于物价不断上升，英镑的价值下跌了。文中指戏剧没有多少艺术价值，应用value,而不应用price。
|
