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Test 3
When Gutenberg printed his first books he had no intention that they should be portable. They were made, after all, to compete with very weighty （and often chained）illuminated manuscripts. The idea that you could walk around with a book did not come until l500 when Aldus Manutius stumbled upon this revolutionaryand liberatingnotion. The first paperlight newspaper(Johann Carolus’s The Relation in Strasbourg）did not follow until l609. In the computer world the same revolutionfrom heavy main frame to near weightlessnessis well under way.
Today’ s portables seem miracles of design and power. But, even as far as they have come, compare them with the ultralight, ultracheap, ultra high quality informationbearing attributes of paper, the only problem is that the information on paper cannot be updated. Imagine a piece of electronic paper which could typeset itself by means of remotely fed data. The key elements of such an entity are already a reality at the Massachusetts Instltute of Technology’s（MIT） Media Laboratory, enabling the prospect of portable information devices which are essentially weightless and omnipresent. The key breakthrough, which will start to be seen widely in l998, is a new type of ink： electronic ink. This magical stuff can be coated on to any surface, but, unlike normal ink, it can be electronically set. It is instantly changeable, erasable and resettable. The ink itself, a polymer material, is not expensive and requires no electronic power to maintain its image. This spells the beginning of the end of the published book. The conventional publishing industry is already dying. Books, magazines and newspapers have reached a plateau of sales in America of about＄100 billion a year. Sales of fiatpanel displays, the basis of all notebook computers and the superthin screens which are beginning to populate our desktops, are growing rapidly with sales approaching ＄30 billion, but such screens are still heavy, very expensive and powerhungry. Electronic ink enables the two worlds, conventional publishing on paper and electronic information displays, to be merged.
This radical change coincides happily with another： the exponential growth of our ability to store information electronically at a rapidly dwindling cost. The arrival, that is, of compact data storage. Consider this. One book consumes about 1 Mb of data in a conventional, uncompressed form. But squeeze the data into a compact form, and a disk drive the size of a credit card holds 350 books.
Questions:
1. Who is the first person noted that books could be protable?
______ ______ _______ ______ ______
______ ______ _______ ______ ______.
2. Electronic paper can solve the problem that ______ ______ ______ ______ ____________
______ ______ ______ ______.
3. “Prospect of portable information devices” refers to ______ ______ ______
______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
4. What results in the ending of the published book?
______ ______ ______ ______ ______
______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
5. According to the 3rd Para, it is inferred that the coventional publish
ing
industry will disappear ______ ______ ______ ______ ____________ ______ ______ ______ ______.
答案部分
短文大意
文章以便携式书籍的出现为引子，指出在电脑领域，也正进行着一场从沉重的主机计算机
到几乎无重量的便携式电脑的革命。文章告诉我们，电子纸的出现，尤其是随着电子进入
应用的实际问题：电子墨水得以突破后，使传统出版业遭到危机，最终会带来出版业的变革，传统的出版物与电子信息显示合为一体。
1.【参考答案】Aldus Manutius
【解题技巧】 正确理解句子内容是本题的惟一出路。
【详细解答】 本文问的是谁最早提出书可以便携这一观念。文中第一段第三句话：The idea that you could walk around with a book not come until 1500 when Aldus Manutius stumbled…notion,句中，this revolutionary—and liberating—noti
on,指的即是“they should be protable”因而，Aldus Manutius是最早提出这一观点的人。
2.【参考答案】the information on paper cannot be updated
【解题技巧】 通过比较得出结论是本题的捷径。
【详细解答】文中第二段出现了：Imagine a piece of electronic paper which could
typeset itself of romotely fed data：电子纸可通过遥控数据排版。而在这句话的前面
，是有关纸的评价：the only problem is that the information on paper cannot be u
pdated.这样一比，电子纸与普通纸的区别就很明显了，而电子纸的功能恰恰是普通纸所做
不到的，答案由此而来。
3.【参考答案】electronic paper
【解题技巧】 通过上下文，找出指代的内容是本题的关键。
【详细解答】本题问的是：便携式信息装置指代什么。对于这样的问题，一定要联系上
下文，在第二段中，只要能发现 a piece of electronic paper,such an entity与protable imformation devices 的逻辑关系，便不难发现，这段话想说明的正是：由于麻省理工学
院的多媒体实验室将电子纸的实践问题得以解决，才使用电子纸的前景乐观，因此，答案为
electronic paper.
4.【参考答案】the breakthrough of electronic ink
【解题技巧】 通过段与段之间承上启下的关键问题找出答案。
【详细解答】 第三段的首句：This spells the beginning of the end of the published book.本题的问话其实就是这句话的变形。由于这句话处于承上启下的位置，那么“this”所指，必然在上面一段出现。第二段中指出：The key breakthrough,…is a new type of ink.这就说明，在电子纸实践将随着电子墨水的突破而有所发展，之后，又用了相当的篇幅介绍电子墨水的特性。因此，是电子墨水的突破使电子纸获得实质的进展，而这将导致书籍出版的结束。回答本题时，仍要尽可能运用文中原有的词汇。
5.【参考答案】conventional publishing on paper and electronic information
displays are merged
【解题技巧】 运用段落中已知的信息去推测。
【详细解答】这是一个典型的推理型的问题。这种问题往往涉及几句话甚至整段话的内
容。第三段一开始指出：传统出版业正在走向灭亡，虽然平板显示器的销售突飞猛进，然而
，它的本身也存在着明显的缺限。而电子墨水的出现，可以使这两件各有所长的东西构成合
理的结合成为可能。根据这段话，我们可得知：传统出版物若消失，必然在两者结合之时。
回答这个问题时，也应尽量使用句子的原话：conventional publishing on paper and electronic information displays,to be merged.而稍作变形。
改错
American law regards a partnership as an association
of two or more persons who have agreed to
combine their labour, property, and skill, or some or
all of them, for the purpose of engaging in lawful
business and shared profits and losses between them. 1. ____
The parties forming such an association is known as 2. ____
partners. Partners may create a name and use a real 3. ____
family name or names for a partnership. The agreement
to form a partnership is known as an article of
copartership or partership contract. The importantest 4. ____
provision of the agreement is the one stipulating the
manner of distributing profits.
Any number of persons may contract to forming 5. ____
a partnership, and firms of partners may enter into
partnership with one another. However, most
corporations have not power to enter into partnership 6. ____
if such power is expressly given in the corporate charter 7. ____
or article of association. New members may be
admitted into an existed partnership only with the 8. ____
consent of all the partners. The agreement of a partnership
has a definite term of years in general. If no duration
is specified, it is said to be a partnership at
will and can legally terminate at any time by any 9. ____
partners. A partnership can be dissolved or terminated 10. ____
and the terms of the partnership agreement modified
at any time.
答案部分
1.【参考答案】将shared改为sharing。
【参考译文】 该组织联合几方或全部的劳动，财产或技术，以从事合法的商业活动
为目的，共享利润，共担损失。
【试题分析】 本题辨析分词作定语时的误用。
【详细解答】 句中，engaging in lawful business和shared profits and losses between them,作the purpose的定语。engaging与shared是并列的，他们的共同的逻辑主语是an
association of two or more persons,在逻辑关系上，都是主动的，而且，share business
本应该是动宾关系，而过去分词shared的误用却改变了这种关系，使shared profits成为一个由过去分词修饰的名词短语：共享的利润。从而使句法混乱，因此，将shared改为sharing。
2.【参考答案】将is改为are。
【参考译文】 构成这种组织的各方称为合伙人。
【试题分析】 本题辨析谓语动词单复数的误用。
【详细解答】 本句的主语是The parties，故谓语动词应该用are,在使用时，不要受an
association的干扰。
3.【参考答案】将and改为or。
【参考译文】 合伙人可以给合伙企业起一个名字，也可以使用一两个真实的姓名作为合
伙企业的名称。
【试题分析】 本题辨析并列连词的误用。
【详细解答】 表示并列关系常用的连词有两个：即and和or。and表示“和……”表示兼而有之，or表示“或……”，表示选择。句中的意思是：可以起一个名字，或者可以使用一个或几个真实的姓名。因此，不用and,而该用or.[ZK)]
4.【参考答案】将importantest改为most important。
【参考译文】 其中最重要的条款就是对如何分配利润作出的规定。
【试题分析】 本题辨析形容词最高级形式的误用。
【详细解答】 形容词的最高级有两种构成方法，一般情况下，加“est”,但多音节词则
是most+形容词原形。句中，important属多音节词，正确的最高级形式应为most important。
5.【参考答案】将forming改为 form。
【参考译文】 形成合伙企业的人数不限。合伙企业之间也可以形成合伙企业。
【试题分析】 本题辨析非谓语动词形式的误用。
【详细解答】 contract动词，意为“签订合同”，后面跟动词不定式作宾语contract
to do sth.。故文中，应为contract to form,而不应为forming.
6.【参考答案】将not改为no。
【参考译文】 然而，除非公司章程明确赋予该公司拥有达成合伙企业的权力，否则大多
数公司不可以与他人达成合伙企业。
【试题分析】 本题辨析否定词词类的误用。
【详细解答】 句中常用的否定词有not和no。not为副词，用来修饰动词；no是形容词，
修饰名词。句中，power是名词，故用not是不正确的。
7.【参考答案】将if改为unless。
【参考译文】 译文同上句。
【试题分析】 本题辨析连接词的误用。
【详细解答】 全句因if(如果)误用，而失去了逻辑连贯性。应将if 改为unless引导的条件状语从句。
8.【参考答案】将existed改为existing。
【参考译文】 新合伙人只有得到全体合伙人的同意才能被接纳为合伙人。
【试题分析】 本题辨析作定语时分词的误用。
【详细解答】 分词在作前置定语时，现在分词表示“现在”，过去分词表示“过去”，
主要是时间上的差异。根据句意，partership指的是“现在存在的合伙关系”，并非指“合
伙关系已成为过去”。因此，应将existed改为existing。
9.【参考答案】将terminate改为be terminated。
【参考译文】 如果未对此进行规定，则该合伙称为任意合伙，可按合伙人的要求随时予
解散。
【试题分析】 本题辨析动词语态的误用。
【详细解答】 本句是一个长句子。can terminate的主语为it，代指agreement，因此，
主语和谓语构成事实上的被动关系。terminate这一主动的用法显然与句法不合，故改为be terminated.
10.【参考答案】将partners改为partner。
【参考译文】 合伙企业可以随时予以解散。终止修改合伙协议。
【试题分析】 本题辨析名词单复数的误用。
【详细解答】 any在表示“任意”，“任何的”这一含义时，后面可跟不可数或者可数名
词的单数形式。本句any不是“一些”，而是“任何”的意思，因而partners的用法是错误
的。
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